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The torsion constant or torsion coefficient is a geometrical property of a bar's cross-section. It is involved in the relationship between angle of twist and applied torque along the axis of the bar, for a homogeneous linear elastic bar. The torsion constant, together with material properties and length, describes a bar's torsional stiffness.
Simply put, the polar moment of area is a shaft or beam's resistance to being distorted by torsion, as a function of its shape. The rigidity comes from the object's cross-sectional area only, and does not depend on its material composition or shear modulus. The greater the magnitude of the second polar moment of area, the greater the torsional ...
Torsion of a square section bar Example of torsion mechanics. In the field of solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque. [1] [2] Torsion could be defined as strain [3] [4] or angular deformation, [5] and is measured by the angle a chosen section is rotated from its equilibrium position. [6]
where I is the moment of inertia of the beam cross-section and c is the distance of the top of the beam from the neutral axis (see beam theory for more details). For a beam of cross-sectional area a and height h , the ideal cross-section would have half the area at a distance h / 2 above the cross-section and the other half at a ...
The large weights can be rotated to the other side of the torsion beam (w, w), causing the beam to rotate in the opposite direction. The Cavendish experiment , performed in 1797–1798 by English scientist Henry Cavendish , was the first experiment to measure the force of gravity between masses in the laboratory [ 1 ] and the first to yield ...
The given formula is for the plane passing through the center of mass, which coincides with the geometric center of the cylinder. If the xy plane is at the base of the cylinder, i.e. offset by d = h 2 , {\displaystyle d={\frac {h}{2}},} then by the parallel axis theorem the following formula applies:
In solid mechanics, it is common to analyze the properties of beams with constant cross section. Saint-Venant's theorem states that the simply connected cross section with maximal torsional rigidity is a circle. [1] It is named after the French mathematician Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant.
This vibrating glass beam may be modeled as a cantilever beam with acceleration, variable linear density, variable section modulus, some kind of dissipation, springy end loading, and possibly a point mass at the free end. Euler–Bernoulli beam theory (also known as engineer's beam theory or classical beam theory) [1] is a simplification of the ...