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The pH range is commonly given as zero to 14, but a pH value can be less than 0 for very concentrated strong acids or greater than 14 for very concentrated strong bases. [2] The pH scale is traceable to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement. [3]
Bases are proton acceptors; a base will receive a hydrogen ion from water, H 2 O, and the remaining H + concentration in the solution determines pH. A weak base will have a higher H + concentration than a stronger base because it is less completely protonated than a stronger base and, therefore, more hydrogen ions remain in its solution.
Acid–base homeostasis is the homeostatic regulation of the pH of the body's extracellular fluid (ECF). [1] The proper balance between the acids and bases (i.e. the pH) in the ECF is crucial for the normal physiology of the body—and for cellular metabolism. [1]
Strong bases hydrolyze in water almost completely, resulting in the leveling effect." [7] In this process, the water molecule combines with a strong base, due to the water's amphoteric ability; and, a hydroxide ion is released. [7] Very strong bases can even deprotonate very weakly acidic C–H groups in the absence of water.
A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. [1] Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical ...
Soil pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a soil. Soil pH is a key characteristic that can be used to make informative analysis both qualitative and quantitatively regarding soil characteristics. [1] pH is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the activity of hydronium ions (H + or, more precisely, H 3 O + aq) in ...
Intracellular pH (pH i) is the measure of the acidity or basicity (i.e., pH) of intracellular fluid. The pH i plays a critical role in membrane transport and other intracellular processes. In an environment with the improper pH i , biological cells may have compromised function.
A change in the plasma pH gives an acid–base imbalance. In acid–base homeostasis there are two mechanisms that can help regulate the pH. Respiratory compensation a mechanism of the respiratory center, adjusts the partial pressure of carbon dioxide by changing the rate and depth of breathing, to bring the pH back to normal. The partial ...