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Rust fungi are obligate plant pathogens that only infect living plants. Infections begin when a spore lands on the plant surface, germinates, and invades its host. Infection is limited to plant parts such as leaves, petioles, tender shoots, stem, fruits, etc. [3] Plants with severe rust infection may appear stunted, chlorotic (yellowed), or may
Austropuccinia is a monotypic genus of rust (a type of plant pathogen) native to South America with the only species Austropuccinia psidii, commonly known as myrtle rust, guava rust, or ʻōhiʻa rust. It affects plants in the family Myrtaceae. It is a member of the fungal complex called the guava rust (Puccinia psidii) group. [3]
Infections can lead up to 20% yield loss. The pathogen is a Puccinia rust fungus. It is the most prevalent of all the wheat rust diseases, occurring in most wheat-growing regions. [1] It causes serious epidemics in North America, Mexico and South America and is a devastating seasonal disease in India.
Rust diseases are among the most destructive plant diseases, known to cause famine following destruction of grains, vegetables, and legumes. [5] [6] Asparagus rust occurs wherever the plant is grown and attacks asparagus plants during and after the cutting season. Asparagus spears are usually harvested before extensive rust symptoms appear. [7]
Most commonly, economically detrimental infections occur in guava. [2] Guava is considered to be a susceptible host, and the leaf spot symptoms can grow to be severe enough to reduce plant vigor and cause defoliation. In guava, Cephaleuros virescens can cause fruit spots as well, leading to a reduction in crop yield. [citation needed]
Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae is a plant pathogen that causes cedar-apple rust. [1] In virtually any location where apples or crabapples ( Malus ) and eastern red cedar ( Juniperus virginiana ) coexist, cedar apple rust can be a destructive or disfiguring disease on both the apples and cedars.
This is not effective as a treatment, only as a prevention tool. Similarly, growers are proactive in their prevention of the disease, ensuring the proper fungicide applications. As previously stated, the importance of this disease can be severe, but growers tend to plant resistant varieties in areas where rust has been prevalent.
Spruce broom rust or yellow witches' broom rust is a fungal plant disease caused by the basidiomycete fungus known as Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli.It occurs exclusively in North America, with the most concentrated outbreaks occurring in northern Arizona and southern Colorado on blue and Engelmann spruce, as well as in Alaska on black and white spruce. [2]