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Charge carrier density, also known as carrier concentration, denotes the number of charge carriers per volume. In SI units, it is measured in m −3. As with any density, in principle it can depend on position. However, usually carrier concentration is given as a single number, and represents the average carrier density over the whole material.
In the United Kingdom the paddock is measured in LU, livestock units, although different schemes exist for this. [24] [25] New Zealand uses either LU, [26] EE (ewe equivalents) or SU (stock units). [27] In the US and Canada the traditional system uses animal units (AU). [28] A French/Swiss unit is Unité de Gros Bétail (UGB). [29] [30]
The tables also include pure numbers, dimensionless ratios, or dimensionless physical constants; these topics are discussed in the article. Biology and medicine [ edit ]
Free carrier concentration is the concentration of free carriers in a doped semiconductor. It is similar to the carrier concentration in a metal and for the purposes of calculating currents or drift velocities can be used in the same way. Free carriers are electrons that have been introduced into the conduction band (valence band) by doping ...
This example of a survival tree analysis uses the R package "rpart". [8] The example is based on 146 stage C prostate cancer patients in the data set stagec in rpart. Rpart and the stagec example are described in Atkinson and Therneau (1997), [9] which is also distributed as a vignette of the rpart package. [8] The variables in stages are:
A chart of Minority Carrier Lifetime vs. Minority Carrier Density used in Photoconductance decay measurement of a monocrystalline silicon wafer passivated with an amorphous silicon thin layer. The difference in dark and excited photoconductivity Δ σ {\displaystyle \Delta \sigma } of the wafer is typically measured through monitoring of the ...
From the kinetic theory of gases, [20] thermal conductivity of principal carrier i (p, e, f and ph) is =,, where n i is the carrier density and the heat capacity is per carrier, u i is the carrier speed and λ i is the mean free path (distance traveled by carrier before an scattering event). Thus, the larger the carrier density, heat capacity ...
The effective mass is used in transport calculations, such as transport of electrons under the influence of fields or carrier gradients, but it also is used to calculate the carrier density and density of states in semiconductors. These masses are related but, as explained in the previous sections, are not the same because the weightings of ...