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  2. Anti-clericalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-clericalism

    At the same time in English Canada, a related phenomenon occurred where the primarily Nonconformist (mostly Presbyterian and Methodist) Reform movement conflicted with an Anglican establishment. In Upper Canada, The Reform Movement began as protest against the "establishment" of the Anglican church.

  3. Whiggism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whiggism

    The true origins of what became known as Whiggism lie in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and the power struggle between the Parliament of England and King Charles I, which eventually turned into the English Civil Wars, but only after the example of the successful use of violent opposition to the king set by the Bishops' Wars, which were fought between the same king in his capacity as king of ...

  4. Whig history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whig_history

    The history of our country during the last hundred and sixty years is eminently the history of physical, of moral, and of intellectual improvement. [38] [4] While Macaulay was a popular and celebrated historian of the whig school, his work did not feature in Butterfield's 1931 Whig Interpretation of History. [28]

  5. Classical radicalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_radicalism

    These earlier concepts of democratic and even egalitarian reform had emerged in the turmoil of the English Civil War and the brief establishment of the republican Commonwealth of England amongst the vague political grouping known as the Levellers, but with the English Restoration of the monarchy such ideas had been discredited.

  6. Counter-Reformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-Reformation

    Such reforms included the foundation of seminaries for the proper training of priests in the spiritual life and the theological traditions of the Church, the reform of religious life by returning orders to their spiritual foundations, and new spiritual movements focusing on the devotional life and a personal relationship with Christ, including ...

  7. Reformed Christianity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformed_Christianity

    Statues of William Farel, John Calvin, Theodore Beza, and John Knox, influential theologians in developing the Reformed faith, at the Reformation Wall in Geneva. Reformed Christianity, [1] also called Calvinism, [a] is a major branch of Protestantism that began during the 16th-century Protestant Reformation.

  8. English Reformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Reformation

    The English Reformation took place in 16th-century England when the Church of England broke away first from the authority of the Pope and bishops over the King and then from some doctrines and practices of the Catholic Church. The English Reformation began as more of a political affair than a theological dispute.

  9. Reformism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformism

    For example, the historical Reform Party of Canada advocated structural changes to government to counter what they believed was the disenfranchisement of Western Canadians. [11] Some social democratic parties such as the aforementioned Social Democratic Party of Germany and the Canadian New Democratic Party are still considered to be reformist ...