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Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease involving the gradual deterioration and death of specific volumes of the brain. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The condition leads to symptoms including loss of balance , slowing of movement , difficulty moving the eyes , and cognitive impairment . [ 1 ]
PSP has been all over the news—here's what to know about it.
progressive supranuclear palsy, Parkinson's disease The procerus sign ( vertical wrinkling of the forehead ) is a medical sign consisting of vertical forehead wrinkling around the bridge of the nose and the glabella .
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Separating PSP patients and healthy controls using the sign had a mean success rate of 64.7% across 4 known studies, effectiveness as high as 85% in one. [5] [21] [22] [24] Appearance of the sign, when used in conjunction with 4 classical parkinsonian disease findings, enables highly accurate PSP diagnosis. [25]
Additional Parkinson-plus syndromes include Pick's disease and olivopontocerebellar atrophy. [7] The latter is characterized by ataxia and dysarthria, and may occur either as an inherited disorder or as a variant of multiple system atrophy. MSA is also characterized by autonomic failure, formerly known as Shy–Drager syndrome. [8]
There is a lower incidence of tremor at rest in DLB than in PD, and signs of parkinsonism in DLB are more symmetrical. [11] In MSA, autonomic dysfunction appears earlier and is more severe, and is accompanied by uncoordinated movements, while visual hallucinations and fluctuating cognition are less common than in DLB. [ 17 ]
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