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Theon of Alexandria (/ ˌ θ iː ə n,-ɒ n /; Ancient Greek: Θέων ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς; c. AD 335 – c. 405) was a Greek [1] scholar and mathematician who lived in Alexandria, Egypt. He edited and arranged Euclid's Elements and wrote commentaries on works by Euclid and Ptolemy. His daughter Hypatia also won fame as a mathematician.
He studied ancient Greek philosophy of science and focused on the reception of Plato and Aristotle in late antiquity. [ 1 ] Ian Mueller authored Philosophy of Mathematics and Deductive Structure in Euclid's "Elements" (1981), which is considered standard work in this field; he was also the editor, translator and annotator of 10 volumes in the ...
Ancient Greek philosophy arose in the 6th century BC. Philosophy was used to make sense of the world using reason. It dealt with a wide variety of subjects, including astronomy , epistemology , mathematics , political philosophy , ethics , metaphysics , ontology , logic , biology , rhetoric and aesthetics .
Archytas is said to be the first ancient Greek to have spoken of the sciences of arithmetic (logistic), geometry, astronomy, and harmonics as kin, which later became the medieval quadrivium. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] He is thought to have written a great number of works in the sciences, but only four fragments are generally believed to be authentic.
Nicomachus refers to Plato quite often, and writes that philosophy can only be possible if one knows enough about mathematics. Nicomachus also describes how natural numbers and basic mathematical ideas are eternal and unchanging, and in an abstract realm. The work consists of two books, twenty-three and twenty-nine chapters, respectively.
Stoicism is a school of philosophy which developed in the Hellenistic period around a generation after the time of Aristotle. [4] The Stoics believed that the universe operated according to reason, i.e. by a God which is immersed in nature itself. [4] Logic (logike) was the part of philosophy which examined reason (logos). [5]
Articles relating to ancient Greek philosophy. It arose in the 6th century BC, at a time when the ancient inhabitants of ancient Greece were struggling to repel devastating invasions from the east. Greek philosophy continued throughout the Hellenistic period and the period in which Greece and most Greek-inhabited lands were part of the Roman ...
Greek became the lingua franca of scholarship throughout the Hellenistic world, and the mathematics of the Classical period merged with Egyptian and Babylonian mathematics to give rise to Hellenistic mathematics. [27] [28] Greek mathematics [a] reached its acme during the Hellenistic and early Roman periods, and much of the work represented by ...