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Beyond the intellectual realms of political economy, history, and political science that discuss, describe, and analyze the bourgeoisie as a social class, the colloquial usage of the sociological terms bourgeois and bourgeoise describe the social stereotypes of the old money and of the nouveau riche, who is a politically timid conformist ...
The bourgeoisie, or bourgeois commune (i.e. municipality), is a local "community" that still exists in certain cantons, in which inhabitants originating from that specific commune, called "old bourgeois", as opposed to the new inhabitants, participate. This current bourgeoisie system, which can be traced back to the law on the communes of 1866 ...
Petite bourgeoisie (French pronunciation: [pətit(ə) buʁʒwazi], literally 'small bourgeoisie'; also anglicised as petty bourgeoisie) is a term that refers to a social class composed of small business owners, shopkeepers, small-scale merchants, semi-autonomous peasants, and artisans.
[1] [2] To gain access to the bourgeoisie, they had to buy it. In addition to the sum of money, it was customary to pay for a "seillot" [3] and often a firearm. The bourgeoisie acquired services for free or at a reduced price. [4] [5] The bourgeois could be on the General Council and the Council of Two Hundred.
In the German compound word Bildungsbürgertum, the word Bildung denotes "culture" and "education" as defined during the Age of Enlightenment. [1] Bildung also corresponds to the educational ideal presented in the works of Wilhelm von Humboldt in which Bildung connotes education as a life-long process, not merely the acquisition of knowledge and training.
Actual idealism; Aestheticization of politics; Anti-communism; Anti-intellectualism; Anti-materialism; Anti-pacifism; Authoritarianism; Chauvinism; Class collaboration
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The abolition of serfdom and the formation of free wage workers instead. [30] [31] The separation of producers from the means of production in primitive accumulation. [32] The abolition of the guilds and freedom of investment. [30] The free development of the productive forces until they are ripe for social revolution.