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Unstable angina (UA) (also "crescendo angina"; this is a form of acute coronary syndrome) is defined as angina pectoris that changes or worsens or begins suddenly at rest. [12] Unstable angina is a medical emergency and requires urgent medical treatment from a doctor. [5] It has at least one of these three features: [13]
Information card published by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute urging people with symptoms of angina to call the emergency medical services.. Because of the relationship between the duration of myocardial ischemia and the extent of damage to heart muscle, public health services encourage people experiencing possible acute coronary syndrome symptoms or those around them to ...
A key symptom of coronary ischemia is chest pain or pressure, known as angina pectoris. [4] Angina may present typically with classic symptoms or atypically with symptoms less often associated with heart disease. [19] Atypical presentations are more common in women, diabetics, and elderly individuals. [8] Angina may be stable or unstable.
Associated symptoms may include pain in the shoulder, arm, upper abdomen, or jaw, along with nausea, sweating, or shortness of breath. [1] [3] It can be divided into heart-related and non-heart-related pain. [1] [2] Pain due to insufficient blood flow to the heart is also called angina pectoris. [5]
A common symptom is angina, which is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. [4] Occasionally it may feel like heartburn. In stable angina, symptoms occur with exercise or emotional stress, last less than a few minutes, and improve with rest. [4]
In unstable angina, symptoms may appear on rest or on minimal exertion. [6] The symptoms can last longer than those in stable angina, can be resistant to rest or medicine, and can get worse over time. [8] [10] Though ACS is usually associated with coronary thrombosis, it can also be associated with cocaine use. [11]
The treatment consists of drugs, mainly to relieve chest pain, but a very important part of the treatment is regularly visiting the doctor and repeating the tests to make sure the condition was taken care of in full. The first step in managing Microvascular angina is the administration of nitrates which may relieve the chest pain. They are used ...
[24] [25] Variant angina also differs from the Kounis syndrome (also termed allergic acute coronary syndrome) in which coronary artery constriction and symptoms are caused by allergic or strong immune reactions to a drug or other substance. Treatment of the Kounis syndrome very much differs from that for variant angina. [26]