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True 3G systems such as EV-DO, W-CDMA (including HSPA and HSPA+) provide combined circuit switched and packet switched data and voice services from the outset, usually at far better data rates than 2G networks with their extensions. All of these services can be used to provide combined mobile voice access and Internet access at remote locations.
2G (or 2-G) provides three primary benefits over their predecessors: phone conversations are digitally encrypted; 2G systems are significantly more efficient on the spectrum allowing for far greater mobile phone penetration levels; and 2G introduced data services for mobile, starting with SMS (Short Message Service) plain text-based messages. 2G technologies enable the various mobile phone ...
They also define the transport protocol, including protocol activation and data-exchange methods. The air interface for NFC is standardized in: ISO/IEC 18092 / ECMA-340—Near Field Communication Interface and Protocol-1 (NFCIP-1) [65] ISO/IEC 21481 / ECMA-352—Near Field Communication Interface and Protocol-2 (NFCIP-2) [66]
Comparison of mobile Internet access methods Common name Family Primary use Radio tech Downstream (Mbit/s) Upstream (Mbit/s) Notes HSPA+: 3GPP: Mobile Internet: CDMA/TDMA/FDD MIMO: 21 42 84 672: 5.8 11.5 22 168: HSPA+ is widely deployed. Revision 11 of the 3GPP states that HSPA+ is expected to have a throughput capacity of 672 Mbit/s. LTE: 3GPP ...
This allows mobile phones and other devices to be connected to the public switched telephone network and public Internet access. In addition to traditional voice and data services, cellular networks now support Internet of Things (IoT) applications, connecting devices such as smart meters, vehicles, and industrial sensors.
Instant messaging and presence—wireless village; Internet applications for smart devices through wireless application protocol (WAP) Point-to-point (P2P) service: inter-networking with the Internet (IP) Point-to-multipoint (P2M) service: point-to-multipoint multicast and point-to-multipoint group calls
MM4 is the interface used to exchange messages between two different MMSCs. These MMSCs are generally located in two distinct Mobile Networks This interface is also known as the MMS R interface in the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) and the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) standards.
This allows a mobile phone to act like any other computer on the Internet, sending and receiving data via the Internet Protocol. The mobile may also be connected to a desktop computer, laptop, or PDA, for use as a network interface (just like a modem or Ethernet card, but using one of the GSM data protocols described below instead of a PSTN ...