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Contact mechanics is the study of the deformation of solids that touch each other at one or more points. [1] [2] A central distinction in contact mechanics is between stresses acting perpendicular to the contacting bodies' surfaces (known as normal stress) and frictional stresses acting tangentially between the surfaces (shear stress).
Finally there are the processes at the contact interface: compression and adhesion in the direction perpendicular to the interface, and friction and micro-slip in the tangential directions. The last aspect is the primary concern of contact mechanics. It is described in terms of so-called contact conditions. For the direction perpendicular to ...
Despite preceding his great work on electromagnetism (which he himself considered with his characteristic soberness to be trivial [24]), Hertz's research on contact mechanics has facilitated the age of nanotechnology. Hertz also described the "Hertzian cone", a type of fracture mode in brittle solids caused by the transmission of stress waves. [38]
In particular, contact force models are derived from continuum mechanics, and expressed as functions of the gap and the impact velocity of bodies. As an example, an illustration of the classic Hertz contact model is shown in the figure on the right. In such model, the contact is explained by the local deformation of bodies.
Jean M. The non-smooth contact dynamics method. Computer Methods in Applied mechanics and Engineering 177(3-4):235-257, 1999; Moreau J.J. Unilateral Contact and Dry Friction in Finite Freedom Dynamics, volume 302 of Non-smooth Mechanics and Applications, CISM Courses and Lectures. Springer, Wien, 1988
Its SI unit is the reciprocal seconds (s −1); other common units of measurement include the hertz (Hz), cycles per second (cps), and revolutions per minute (rpm). [ 1 ] [ a ] [ b ] Rotational frequency can be obtained dividing angular frequency , ω, by a full turn (2 π radians ): ν =ω/(2π rad).
hertz (Hz = s −1) T −1: scalar Half-life: t 1/2: Time for a quantity to decay to half its initial value s T: Heat: Q: Thermal energy: joule (J) L 2 M T −2: Heat capacity: C p: Energy per unit temperature change J/K L 2 M T −2 Θ −1: extensive Heat flux density: ϕ Q: Heat flow per unit time per unit surface area W/m 2: M T −3 ...
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