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An adulterant is caused by the act of adulteration, a practice of secretly mixing a substance with another. Typical substances that are adulterated include but are not limited to food , cosmetics , pharmaceuticals , fuel , or other chemicals , that compromise the safety or effectiveness of the said substance.
Many drugs that reach the street are now only cut at the manufacture/producer stage, and this may be more a matter of lacing the drug with another substance designed to appeal to the consumer, as opposed to simple diluents that increase the profit for the seller. The extent of cutting can vary significantly over time but for the last 15 years ...
Diluent gases for this use are metabolically inert and non-toxic, but may have some level of narcotic effect at high partial pressure. The commonly used diluents for breathing gases are nitrogen , provided in the form of air, and helium , provided as heliox , or both nitrogen and helium together as trimix .
An excipient is a substance formulated alongside the active ingredient of a medication.They may be used to enhance the active ingredient’s therapeutic properties; to facilitate drug absorption; to reduce viscosity; to enhance solubility; to improve long-term stabilization (preventing denaturation and aggregation during the expected shelf life); or to add bulk to solid formulations that have ...
The exact composition of correction fluid varies between manufacturers, but most fluids are composed of an opacifying agent, a solvent (or thinner) and an adulterant 'fragrance' to discourage abuse. The opacifying agent can be composed of a mixture of titanium dioxide, [2] latex, and other polymer resins. [citation needed]
Lidocaine is often added to cocaine as a diluent. [ 68 ] [ 69 ] Cocaine and lidocaine both numb the gums when applied. This gives the user the impression of high-quality cocaine when in actuality the user is receiving a diluted product.
A battery of tests is employed to determine olive oil authenticity and identity of the adulterant. Included in this testing regime is the determination of free acidity , peroxide value , Ultraviolet light extinction , fatty acid composition, sterol composition, triglyceride composition, wax content, steroidal hydrocarbons, and the Bellier test ...
Adulterant; 0–9. 1900 English beer poisoning; 2007 pet food recalls; 2008 Irish pork crisis; 2008 Chinese heparin adulteration; 2008 Chinese milk scandal; 2013 ...