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Resin acids occur in nature as tacky, yellowish gums consisting of several compounds. They are water-insoluble. A common resin acid is abietic acid. [1] Resin acids are used to produce soaps for diverse applications, but their use is being displaced increasingly by synthetic acids such as 2-ethylhexanoic acid or petroleum-derived naphthenic acids.
A resin is a solid or highly viscous liquid that can be converted into a polymer. [1] Resins may be biological or synthetic in origin, but are typically harvested from plants. Resins are mixtures of organic compounds, and predominantly terpenes. Well known resins include amber, hashish, frankincense, myrrh and the animal-derived resin, shellac.
Structure of abietic acid, a component of rosin. Rosin is the principal component has been used for centuries as a flux for soldering. (Abietic acid in the flux removes oxidation from the surfaces of metals, increasing their ability to bond with the liquified solder.) Is approved by the US FDA as a miscellaneous food additive. [7]
Pimaric acid is a carboxylic acid that is classified as a resin acid. It is a major component of the rosin obtained from pine trees. [1] [2] When heated above 100 °C, pimaric acid converts to abietic acid, which it usually accompanies in mixtures like rosin. It is soluble in alcohols, acetone, and ethers. The compound is colorless, but almost ...
Articles relating to resins, solid or highly viscous substances of plant or synthetic origin that are typically convertible into polymers. Resins are usually mixtures of organic compounds . Subcategories
Purified storax contains circa 33–50% storesin, an alcoholic resin, both free and as cinnamic esters. It contains 5–15% cinnamic acid, 5–15% cinnamyl cinnamate, circa 10% phenylpropyl cinnamate; small amounts of ethyl cinnamate, benzyl cinnamate, and styrene. Some may contain traces of vanillin.
Abietic acid is considered a "nonhazardous natural substance" in tall oil ("liquid rosin"). [5] In the U.S., abietic acid is listed in the inventory of the Toxic Substances Control Act. Abietic acid is the primary irritant in pine wood and resin. As a contact allergen [9] it is the cause of abietic acid dermatitis.
Polyester resins are synthetic resins formed by the reaction of dibasic organic acids and polyhydric alcohols. Maleic anhydride is a commonly used raw material with diacid functionality in unsaturated polyester resins. [1] Unsaturated polyester resins are used in sheet moulding compound, bulk moulding compound and the toner of laser printers.