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Interior of a Boeing/Stearman PT-17 showing small channel section stringers. In engineering, a longeron or stringer is a load-bearing component of a framework. The term is commonly used in connection with aircraft fuselages and automobile chassis. Longerons are used in conjunction with stringers to form structural frameworks. [1]
The "former-and-longeron" technique (also called stations and stringers) was adopted from boat construction, [2] and was typical of light aircraft built until the advent of structural skins, such as fiberglass and other composite materials. Many of today's light aircraft, and homebuilt aircraft [3] in particular, are still designed in this way.
Aircraft carriers are warships that act as airbases for carrier-based aircraft. In the United States Navy , these ships are designated with hull classification symbols such as CV (Aircraft Carrier), CVA (Attack Aircraft Carrier), CVB (Large Aircraft Carrier), CVL (Light Aircraft Carrier), CVE (Escort Aircraft Carrier), CVS (Antisubmarine ...
The fuselage of the Type IV was built around six spruce longerons with stringers, formers and poplar plywood skinning but no internal cross-bracing producing a semi-monocoque structure. Its engine was a 450 hp (340 kW) Lorraine-Dietrich water-cooled W-12 with a Lamblin radiator mounted transversely under it.
The tail boom uses conventional semi-monocoque construction, supported by closely spaced notched channel-section frames and continuous stringers, absent of any major longitudinal sections or longerons. The cranked section carrying the tail rotor and trim plane is more robust, strengthened by a solid-web spar, frames, and stiffeners. [7]
On November 14, 1910, pilot Eugene Burton Ely took off in a Curtiss plane from the bow of Birmingham and later landed a Curtiss Model D on Pennsylvania on January 18, 1911. In fiscal year (FY) 1920, Congress approved a conversion of collier Jupiter into a ship designed for launching and recovering of airplanes at sea—the first aircraft carrier of the United States Navy.
On many aircraft, the inner volume of the wingbox has also been used to store fuel, which is commonly referred to as being a wet wing design. [ 1 ] In recent years, there has been an increasing use of composite materials within the wingbox; this trend has largely been pursued to achieve lower weights over designs only using conventional materials.
Sqn. Cdr. E. H. Dunning makes the first landing of an aircraft on a moving ship, a Sopwith Pup on HMS Furious, August 2, 1917. This List of carrier-based aircraft covers fixed-wing aircraft designed for aircraft carrier flight deck operation and excludes aircraft intended for use from seaplane tenders, submarines and dirigibles. Helicopters ...