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Archaic humans [a] is a broad category denoting all species of the genus Homo that are not Homo sapiens (modern humans), which are sometimes also called Homo sapiens ...
In North America, indigenous cultures in the Lower Mississippi Valley during the Middle Archaic period built complexes of multiple mounds, with several in Louisiana dated to 5600–5000 BP (3700 BC–3100 BC). Watson Brake is considered the oldest, multiple mound complex in the Americas, as it has been dated to 3500 BC. It and other Middle ...
Copper knife, spearpoints, awls, and spud, from the Late Archaic period, Wisconsin, 3000–1000 BC. In the classification of the archaeological cultures of North America, the Archaic period in North America, taken to last from around 8000 to 1000 BC [1] in the sequence of North American pre-Columbian cultural stages, is a period defined by the archaic stage of cultural development.
Early Archaic 8000 – 6000 BCE Plano cultures: 9,000 – 5,000 BCE Paleo-Arctic tradition: 8000 – 5000 BCE Maritime Archaic: Red Paint People: 3000 – 1000 BCE Middle Archaic 6000 – 3000 BCE Chihuahua tradition: c. 6000 BCE – c. 250 CE Watson Brake and Lower Mississippi Valley sites c. 3500 – 2800 BCE Late Archaic 3000 – 1000 BCE
The Inuit Thule people have completely displaced the old Dorset culture in Arctic Alaska. Pueblo people in the American Southwest evacuate most above-ground pueblos to build spectacular cliff dwellings housing hundreds of people. The dominant Ancestral Pueblo begin gradually absorbing the Mongollon culture in the American Southwest.
The Archaic time frame is defined culturally as a transition from a hunting/gathering lifestyle to one involving agriculture and permanent, if only seasonally occupied, settlements. In the Southwest, the Archaic is generally dated from 8000 years ago to approximately 1800 to 2000 years ago. [ 2 ]
By the end of the Archaic, in parts of South America, there is "a stable agricultural system utilized by people living in permanent villages with ceremonial architecture". [5] The Archaic is the second of five stages defined by Gordon Willey and Philip Phillips in their 1958 book Method and Theory in American Archaeology. [6] The Lithic stage
Indigenous peoples of North America began practicing farming approximately 4,000 years ago, late in the Archaic period of North American cultures. Technology had advanced to the point where pottery had started to become common and the small-scale felling of trees had become feasible.