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Once a bacterium has been identified following microbiological culture, antibiotics are selected for susceptibility testing. [5] Susceptibility testing methods are based on exposing bacteria to antibiotics and observing the effect on the growth of the bacteria (phenotypic testing), or identifying specific genetic markers (genetic testing). [6]
Gram staining is a bacteriological laboratory technique [8] used to differentiate bacterial species into two large groups (gram-positive and gram-negative) based on the physical properties of their cell walls. [9] [page needed] Gram staining can also be used to diagnose a fungal infection. [1]
An example of such testing is antibiotic susceptibility testing by measurement of minimum inhibitory concentration which is routinely used in medical microbiology and research. If a suspension used is too heavy or too dilute, an erroneous result (either falsely resistant or falsely susceptible) for any given antimicrobial agent could occur.
The IMViC tests are a group of individual tests used in microbiology lab testing to identify an organism in the coliform group. A coliform is a gram negative, aerobic, or facultative anaerobic rod, which produces gas from lactose within 48 hours. The presence of some coliforms indicate fecal contamination.
The disk diffusion test (also known as the agar diffusion test, Kirby–Bauer test, disc-diffusion antibiotic susceptibility test, disc-diffusion antibiotic sensitivity test and KB test) is a culture-based microbiology assay used in diagnostic and drug discovery laboratories. In diagnostic labs, the assay is used to determine the susceptibility ...
For example, if a microbiologist observes colonies that resemble a Staphylococcus species, they may perform a catalase test to confirm that it belongs to the genus Staphylococcus, and a coagulase test to determine whether it is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus or a more pathogenic species, such as S. aureus. [3]: 101 [8]: 203
Student's t-test, Analysis of variance, Mann–Whitney U test: Repeated measures design: A research design that involves multiple measures of the same variable taken on the same or matched subjects either under different conditions or over two or more time periods. [1] Paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test
For example, when carbohydrates are fermented, the pH within the well decreases and that is indicated by a change in the color of the pH indicator. All test results are compiled to obtain a profile number, which is then compared with profile numbers in a commercial codebook (or online) to determine the identification of the bacterial species. [4]