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The proof of the Brunn–Minkowski inequality predates modern measure theory; the development of measure theory and Lebesgue integration allowed connections to be made between geometry and analysis, to the extent that in an integral form of the Brunn–Minkowski inequality known as the Prékopa–Leindler inequality the geometry seems almost ...
Geometry is, along with arithmetic, one of the oldest branches of mathematics. A mathematician who works in the field of geometry is called a geometer. Until the 19th century, geometry was almost exclusively devoted to Euclidean geometry, [a] which includes the notions of point, line, plane, distance, angle, surface, and curve, as fundamental ...
The Minkowski content (named after Hermann Minkowski), or the boundary measure, of a set is a basic concept that uses concepts from geometry and measure theory to generalize the notions of length of a smooth curve in the plane, and area of a smooth surface in space, to arbitrary measurable sets.
Topology developed from geometry; it looks at those properties that do not change even when the figures are deformed by stretching and bending, like dimension. Glossary of differential geometry and topology; Glossary of general topology; Glossary of Riemannian and metric geometry; Glossary of scheme theory; List of algebraic geometry topics
Such a measure is called a probability measure or distribution. See the list of probability distributions for instances. The Dirac measure δ a (cf. Dirac delta function) is given by δ a (S) = χ S (a), where χ S is the indicator function of . The measure of a set is 1 if it contains the point and 0 otherwise.
This is a list of formulas encountered in Riemannian geometry. Einstein notation is used throughout this article. This article uses the "analyst's" sign convention for Laplacians, except when noted otherwise.
Algebra (and later, calculus) can thus be used to solve geometrical problems. Geometry was split into two new subfields: synthetic geometry, which uses purely geometrical methods, and analytic geometry, which uses coordinates systemically. [23] Analytic geometry allows the study of curves unrelated to circles and lines.
Absolute geometry is a geometry based on an axiom system consisting of all the axioms giving Euclidean geometry except for the parallel postulate or any of its alternatives. [69] The term was introduced by János Bolyai in 1832. [70] It is sometimes referred to as neutral geometry, [71] as it is neutral with respect to the parallel postulate.
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