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The disease is found in rice plants usually injured by insects or other diseases. Hot (20–28 °C (68–82 °F)) and humid (wet) weather favour the disease. It is also associated with virus-infected plants. [5] Early symptoms are oblong to irregular spots, with gray centers and brown margins.
Rice blast is the most important disease concerning rice crops in the world. Since rice is an important food source for much of the world, its effects have a broad range. It has been found in over 85 countries across the world and reached the United States in 1996. Every year the amount of crops lost to rice blast could feed 60 million people.
Bacterial diseases; Bacterial blight Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae = X. campestris pv. oryzae [2] Bacterial leaf streak Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola: Foot rot Dickeya dadantii/Erwinia chrysanthemi: Grain rot Burkholderia glumae: Pecky rice (kernel spotting) Damage by bacteria (see also under fungal and miscellaneous diseases) Sheath brown rot
Brown spot of rice is a plant fungal disease that usually occurs on the host leaves and glume, as well as seedlings, sheaths, stems and grains of adult host plants. Hosts include Oryza (Asian rice), Leersia (Cutgrass), Zizania (Wild rice), and other species as well such as Echinochloa colona (junglerice) and Zea mays (maize).
Gibberella fujikuroi is a fungal plant pathogen. It causes bakanae disease in rice seedlings. Rice infected with bakanae disease. Another name is foolish seedling disease. It gets that name because the seeds can be infected, leading to disparate outcomes for the plant. There are not many diseases that initiate similar symptoms as bakanae.
Bakanae (バカナエ, BA-ka-NA-eh) or bakanae disease (Chinese: 馬鹿苗病, Japanese: バカナエビョウ, romanized: Bakanae-byou, [bakanae bʲoɯ]), from the Japanese for "foolish seedling", is a disease that infects rice plants. It is caused by the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi, the metabolism of which produces a surplus of gibberellic acid.
The rice false smut pathogen, Ustilaginoidea virens, invades through a small gap at the apex of a rice spikelet before heading. [7] The primary source of infection is the presence of chlamydospores in the soil. [8] During the vegetative stage of the growth of the rice crop, the fungus colonizes the tissue on the growing points on the tillers. [8]
Rice-sheath blight is a disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph is Thanetophorus cucumeris), a basidiomycete, that causes major limitations on rice production in India and other countries of Asia. [1] It is also a problem in the southern US, where rice is also produced. [2] It can decrease yield up to 50%, and reduce its quality. [3]