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After the opening of the island to world trade in 1818, trade agreements began to replace Spanish commercial connections. In 1820 Thomas Jefferson thought Cuba is "the most interesting addition which could ever be made to our system of States" and told Secretary of War John C. Calhoun that the United States "ought, at the first possible opportunity, to take Cuba."
The role of the United States in Cuban affairs, its responsibilities and prerogatives, derived from the Cuban–American Treaty of Relations of 1903, which Cuba and the United States had signed on 22 May of 1903, and ratified in 1904. [3] Article III stated: [4] It contained this provision:
Taíno genocide Viceroyalty of New Spain (1535–1821) Siege of Havana (1762) Captaincy General of Cuba (1607–1898) Lopez Expedition (1850–1851) Ten Years' War (1868–1878) Little War (1879–1880) Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898) Treaty of Paris (1898) US Military Government (1898–1902) Platt Amendment (1901) Republic of Cuba (1902–1959) Cuban Pacification (1906–1909) Negro ...
Sebastián de Ocampo circumnavigates Cuba, confirming that it is an island. 1510: Spanish set out from Hispaniola. The conquest of Cuba begins. 1511: The first governor of Cuba, the Spanish conquistador Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar leads a group of settlers in Baracoa. 1512: Indigenous Cuban resistance leader Hatuey is burned at the stake. 1519
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The lease treaty agreed to from February 16–23, 1903 stipulates that the Republic of Cuba lease to the United States specific lands in Cuba, notably the land that surrounds Guantánamo Bay, for the purpose of coaling and naval stations, for as long as necessary. The lease stipulates that the United States "shall exercise complete jurisdiction ...
Throughout 1960 tensions slowly escalated between Cuba and the United States due to the nationalizations of various American companies, retaliatory economic sanctions, and counterrevolutionary bombing raids. In January 1961, the U.S. cut off diplomatic relations with Cuba, and the Soviet Union started to solidify relations with Cuba.
The United States and Cuba concluded a Treaty of Relations in 1934 which, among other things, continued the 1903 agreements that leased the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base to the United States. In 1959 Fidel Castro 's 26th of July Movement overthrew the government of Fulgencio Batista and Batista fled the country on January 1, 1959.