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2. Nd:YAG laser - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nd:YAG_laser

   Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet; Nd:Y 3 Al 5 O 12) is a crystal that is used as a lasing medium for solid-state lasers. The dopant , neodymium in the +3 oxidation state, Nd(III), typically replaces a small fraction (1%) of the yttrium ions in the host crystal structure of the yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), since the two ions are ...

3. List of laser types - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_laser_types

   The first laser, invented by Theodore Maiman in May 1960. Nd:YAG laser: 1.064 μm, (1.32 μm) Flashlamp, laser diode: Material processing, rangefinding, laser target designation, surgery, tattoo removal, hair removal, research, pumping other lasers (combined with frequency doubling to produce a green 532 nm beam). One of the most common high ...

4. Lightwave Electronics Corporation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightwave_Electronics...

   Later lasers, including all of the 355 nm lasers, were side-pumped. Small-diameter (<2 mm) Nd:YAG rods were pumped by powerful (>20 watt), large-aperture semiconductor lasers placed alongside the rods. Lightwave Electronics developed and patented a design enabling efficient side-pumping of a laser while maintaining diffraction-limited output. [32]

5. Active laser medium - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_laser_medium

   Laser rods (from left to right): Ruby, Alexandrite, Er:YAG, Nd:YAG The active laser medium (also called a gain medium or lasing medium ) is the source of optical gain within a laser . The gain results from the stimulated emission of photons through electronic or molecular transitions to a lower energy state from a higher energy state previously ...

6. Laser pumping - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_pumping

   A dye laser tuned to 589nm (amber yellow), pumped with an external, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser @ 532nm (yellowish-green). The closeness between wavelengths results in a very small Stokes shift, reducing energy losses. A laser of a suitable type can be used to pump another laser. The pump laser's narrow spectrum allows it to be closely ...

7. Solid-state laser - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_laser

   Laser rods (from left to right): Ruby, alexandrite, Er:YAG, Nd:YAG. A solid-state laser is a laser that uses a gain medium that is a solid, rather than a liquid as in dye lasers or a gas as in gas lasers. [1] Semiconductor-based lasers are also in the solid state, but are generally considered as a separate class from solid-state lasers, called ...

8. Laser construction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_construction

   Typical hosts include YAG (yttrium aluminium garnet), YLF (yttrium lithium fluoride), sapphire (aluminium oxide) and various glasses. Examples of solid-state laser media include Nd:YAG, Ti:sapphire, Cr:sapphire (usually known as ruby), Cr:LiSAF (chromium-doped lithium strontium aluminium fluoride), Er:YLF, Nd:glass, and Er:glass. Solid-state ...

9. Diode-pumped solid-state laser - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode-pumped_solid-state_laser

   The most common DPSSL in use is the 532 nm wavelength green laser pointer. A powerful (>200 mW) 808 nm wavelength infrared GaAlAs laser diode pumps a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) or a neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (Nd:YVO 4) crystal which produces 1064 nm wavelength light from the main spectral transition of ...