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An NVIS antenna configuration is a horizontally polarized (parallel with the surface of the earth) radiating element that is from 1 / 20 th wavelength to 1 / 4 wave above the ground. The optimum height of such an antenna is about 1 / 4 wavelength, and high angle radiation declines only slightly for heights up to about ...
An inverted vee antenna is a type of antenna similar to a horizontal dipole, but with the two sides bent down towards the ground, typically creating a 120- or 90-degree angle between the dipole legs. It is typically used in areas of limited space as it can significantly reduce the ground foot print of the antenna without significantly impacting ...
A horizontal rhombic antenna radiates horizontally polarized radio waves at a low elevation angle off the pointy ends of the antenna. If the sections are joined by a resistor at either of the acute (pointy) ends, then the antenna will receive from and transmit to only the direction the end with the resistor points at.
Typical antenna parameters are gain, bandwidth, radiation pattern, beamwidth, polarization, impedance; These are imperative communicative means. The antenna pattern is the response of the antenna to a plane wave incident from a given direction or the relative power density of the wave transmitted by the antenna in a given direction. For a ...
An omnidirectional antenna radiates equal signal strength in all horizontal directions, so its horizontal pattern is just a circle. It is a fundamental property of antennas that the receiving pattern (sensitivity as a function of direction) of an antenna when used for receiving is identical to the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna when ...
The quarter-wave monopole, the most compact resonant antenna, may be the most widely used antenna in the world. The five-eighth wave monopole – length 0.625 λ, or 5 / 8 of a wavelength – is also popular, since at that length monopoles direct the greatest proportion of their radiated power horizontally, hence the best use of ...
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Paradoxically, every antenna of any type, shorter than ~ 1 / 10 wave in its longest dimension is approximately isotropic, but no real antenna can ever be exactly isotropic. An antenna that is exactly isotropic is only a mathematical model, used as the base of comparison to calculate either the directivity or gain of real antennas.