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Between 1815 and 1930, 60 million Europeans emigrated, of which 71% went to North America, 21% to Latin America, and 7% to Australia. [1] This mass immigration had as a backdrop economic and social problems in the Old World , allied to structural changes that facilitated the migratory movement between the two continents.
A complicated piece of legislation, it essentially gave preference to immigrants from Central, Northern, and Western Europe; limited the numbers from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe; and gave zero quotas to Asia. However close family members could come. [66] The legislation excluded Latin America from the quota system.
From 1815 to 1932, 65 million people left Europe (with many returning home), primarily to areas of European settlement in North and South America, [38] in addition to South Africa, Australia, [39] New Zealand, and Siberia. [40] These populations also multiplied rapidly in their new habitat; much more so than the populations of Africa and Asia.
European Americans remained predominant, although there were shifts toward Southern, Central, and Eastern Europe from immigration in the period 1790 to 1920. The formula determined that ancestry derived from Great Britain accounted for over 40% of the American gene pool, followed by German ancestry at 16%, then Irish ancestry at 11%.
Large-scale European emigration to the United States started in the 1840s in Britain, Ireland and Germany. That was followed by a rising wave after 1850 from most Northern European countries, and in turn by Central and Southern Europe. Research into the forces behind this European mass emigration has relied on sophisticated statistical methods ...
Between the last two decades of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century, there was a mass emigration of Jewish peoples from Eastern and Southern Europe. [50] During that period, 2.8 million European Jews immigrated to the United States, with 94% of them coming from Eastern Europe. [51]
Accordingly, before 1961, most of that east–west flow took place between East and West Germany, with over 3.5 million East Germans emigrating to West Germany before 1961, [56] [57] which comprised most of the total net emigration of 4.0 million emigrants from all of Central and Eastern Europe between 1950 and 1959. [58]
Norwegian immigration to North America began in earnest in the mid-19th century, driven by a combination of economic, social, and political factors in Norway. Between 1825 and 1925, more than 800,000 Norwegians emigrated to the United States and Canada, making Norwegians one of the most significant European ethnic groups to settle in the ...