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Shaft mining or shaft sinking is the action of excavating a mine shaft from the top down, where there is initially no access to the bottom. [1] Shallow shafts , typically sunk for civil engineering projects, differ greatly in execution method from deep shafts, typically sunk for mining projects.
William Coulson (1791-1865) was a mining engineer and master shaft sinker who was responsible for sinking more than 80 mine shafts in North East England along with others in Prussia and Austria. He was also notable for leading the rescue and recovery team after the Hartley Colliery disaster of 1862.
Sinking a dry shaft means that any water that flows into the excavation is pumped out to leave no significant standing or flowing water in the base of the shaft. When wet sinking a shaft the shaft is allowed to flood and the muck is excavated out of the base of the shaft underwater using a grab on the end of a crane or similar excavation method.
Shaft sinking was the most dangerous and most difficult form of mining in ancient Rome. Due to its high cost, it was only used to collect the most valuable metals in Roman society. This technique involved digging tunnels underground, allowing workers to extract the ore.
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A fifth shaft was sunk in the Katzenbusch. In 1911, shaft 6, which went into operation as early as 1912, was excavated 600 m southeast of shaft 3/4. During the Second World War, the extraction requirements increased so that the sinking work for a central extraction shaft (shaft 7) was started. The above-day expansion of the shaft did not take ...
Upon sinking the first "No. 1" shaft, they encountered water at a depth of 438 ft (133 metres) and the shaft became flooded. [1] Lord Hatherton, who owned the land on which the colliery was constructed, sunk the "No. 2" shaft in 1899 which was completed to a depth of 1,622 ft (494 metres).
Sinking (metalworking), a metalworking technique; Sinking, a 1921 novella by Yu Dafu "Sinking", a song by No Doubt from the album No Doubt (No Doubt album) "Sinking", a song by Jars of Clay from the album Jars of Clay; Sinking Creek (disambiguation), several creeks; Well drilling; Shaft sinking, the process of digging a shaft in shaft mining