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The two points P and P ' (red) are antipodal because they are ends of a diameter PP ', a segment of the axis a (purple) passing through the sphere's center O (black). P and P ' are the poles of a great circle g (green) whose points are equidistant from each (with a central right angle). Any great circle s (blue) passing through the poles is ...
Name Standard symbol Definition Field of application Archimedes number: Ar = fluid mechanics (motion of fluids due to density differences) : Asakuma number: As = heat transfer (ratio of heat generation of microwave dielectric heating to thermal diffusion [6]
Measure of the separation of equal and opposite electric charges C⋅m L T I: vector Electric displacement field: D →: Strength of the electric displacement C/m 2: L −2 T I: vector field Electric field strength: E →: Strength of the electric field V/m, N/C L M T −3 I −1: vector field: Force: F →: Transfer of momentum per unit time ...
diameter: meter (m) distance: meter (m) direction: unitless impact parameter meter (m) differential (e.g. ) varied depending on context differential vector element of surface area A, with infinitesimally small magnitude and direction normal to surface S: square meter (m 2)
For example, one sphere that is described in Cartesian coordinates with the equation x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = c 2 can be described in spherical coordinates by the simple equation r = c. (In this system— shown here in the mathematics convention —the sphere is adapted as a unit sphere , where the radius is set to unity and then can generally be ...
Any two great circles intersect in two diametrically opposite points, called antipodal points. Any two points that are not antipodal points determine a unique great circle. There is a natural unit of angle measurement (based on a revolution), a natural unit of length (based on the circumference of a great circle) and a natural unit of area ...
Both definitions are also valid for the diameter of a sphere. In more modern usage, the length d {\displaystyle d} of a diameter is also called the diameter. In this sense one speaks of the diameter rather than a diameter (which refers to the line segment itself), because all diameters of a circle or sphere have the same length, this being ...
These two charts provide a second atlas for the circle, with the transition map = (that is, one has this relation between s and t for every point where s and t are both nonzero). Each chart omits a single point, either (−1, 0) for s or (+1, 0) for t, so neither chart alone is sufficient to cover the whole circle. It can be proved that it is ...