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APA style (also known as APA format) is a writing style and format for academic documents such as scholarly journal articles and books. It is commonly used for citing sources within the field of behavioral and social sciences , including sociology, education, nursing, criminal justice, anthropology, and psychology.
Special section headings for appendices such as ==See also== are not in italics. A further type of cross-reference may occur within a paragraph of text, usually in parentheses (round brackets). For example: At this time France possessed the largest population in Europe (see Demographics of France).
In common practice, lower levels yet are usually Arabic numerals and lowercase letters again, and sometimes lower-case Roman again, with single parentheses – 1) a) i) – but usage varies. MLA style is sometimes incorrectly referred to as APA style, [10] but the APA Publication Manual does not address outline formatting at all.
Among these books are: the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (and a concise version titled Concise Rules of APA Style), which is the official guide to APA style; [18] [19] the APA Dictionary of Psychology; [20] an eight-volume Encyclopedia of Psychology; [21] and many scholarly books on specific subjects such as ...
A table of contents usually includes the titles or descriptions of first-level headings (chapters in longer works), and often includes second-level headings (sections or A-heads) within the chapters as well, and occasionally even includes third-level headings (subsections or B-heads) within the sections as well. The depth of detail in tables of ...
APA Style is a “down” style, meaning that words are lowercase unless there is specific guidance to capitalize them such as words beginning a sentence; proper nouns and trade names; job titles and positions; diseases, disorders, therapies, theories, and related terms; titles of works and headings within works; titles of tests and measures; nouns followed by numerals or letters; names of ...
Very short sections and subsections clutter an article with headings and inhibit the flow of the prose. Short paragraphs and single sentences generally do not warrant their own subheadings. Headings follow a six-level hierarchy, starting at 1 and ending at 6. The level of the heading is defined by the number of equals signs on each side of the ...
I also personally prefer to begin with the h2 section heading—when outlining in English (as in preparation for an academic paper or work of fiction), one does not start with an "A" (the equivalent of an h3 heading), but with the Roman numeral "I" (the top level/h2 heading). DocWatson42 05:30, 2 October 2007 (UTC) Agreed.