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The prehistory of Australia is the period between the first human habitation of the Australian continent and the colonisation of Australia in 1788, which marks the start of consistent written documentation of Australia. This period has been variously estimated, with most evidence suggesting that it goes back between 50,000 and 65,000 years.
The human history of Australia, however, commences with the arrival of the first ancestors of Aboriginal Australians by sea from Maritime Southeast Asia between 50,000 and 65,000 years ago, and continues to the present day multicultural democracy. Aboriginal Australians settled throughout continental Australia and many nearby islands.
Australian archaeology is a large sub-field in the discipline of archaeology.Archaeology in Australia takes four main forms: Aboriginal archaeology (the archaeology of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia before and after European settlement), historical archaeology (the archaeology of Australia after European settlement), maritime archaeology and the archaeology of the ...
The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south-east Asia 50,000 to 65,000 years ago, during the last glacial period. [1] [2] Arriving by sea, they settled the continent and had formed approximately 250 distinct language groups by the time of European settlement, maintaining some of the longest known continuing artistic and religious traditions in the world.
The origins of historical archaeology in Australia are generally believed to lie in archaeological investigations by the late William (Bill) Culican at Fossil Beach in Victoria, [5] research at Port Essington, Northern Territory by Jim Allen at the Australian National University in 1966-1968 [6] and Judy Birmingham (from the University of Sydney) working at Irrawang Pottery in the Hunter ...
Building Image Location State First built Use Notes Elizabeth Farm: Rosehill: New South Wales: 1793 [5]: Residential The oldest surviving European dwelling in Australia. [6] It is currently a living museum, where the public can access all areas, and it is represented in authentic period style as it would have been at the time of its original use [5]
The Eastern Kuku Yalanji are among Aboriginal peoples who have lived in Queensland's Wet Tropics for at least 5,000 years. Now, the rainforest is being put back in their hands.
Oral history demonstrates "the continuity of culture of Indigenous Australians" for at least 10,000 years. This is shown by correlation of oral history stories with verifiable incidents including known changes in sea levels and their associated large changes in location of ocean shorelines; oral records of megafauna; and comets. [60] [61]