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The Lion Capital of Ashoka is the capital, or head, of a column erected by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka in Sarnath, India, c. 250 BCE. Its crowning features [ 1 ] are four life-sized lions set back to back on a drum-shaped abacus .
The Ashoka Chakra (Transl: Ashoka's wheel) is an Indian symbol which is a depiction of the dharmachakra (English: "wheel of dharma"). It is so-called because it appears on a number of edicts of Ashoka the Great , [ 1 ] most prominent among which is the Lion Capital of Ashoka . [ 2 ]
The most celebrated capital is the four-lion one at Sarnath (Uttar Pradesh), erected by Emperor Ashoka circa 250 BC. Four lions are seated back to back. At present the column remains in the same place whereas the Lion Capital is at the Sarnath Museum.
The emblem of Punjab consists of the encircled Lion Capital of Ashoka (depicting ancient Ashoka-era heritage found at Sanghol [4]) with a Wheat stem above it and crossed Swords below it. [5] Around the lion capital is written the legend "Government of Punjab" in the English, Hindi and Punjabi languages.
The State Emblem of India is the national emblem of the Republic of India and is used by the union government, many state governments, and other government agencies.The emblem is an adaptation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka, an ancient sculpture dating back to 280 BCE during the Maurya Empire.
Ashoka's existence as a historical emperor had almost been forgotten, but since the decipherment in the 19th century of sources written in the Brahmi script, Ashoka holds a reputation as one of the greatest Indian emperors. The State Emblem of the modern Republic of India is an adaptation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka.
The National Emblem of India, Lion Capital of Ashoka is superimposed on a small red background on its crest with the national motto in Devanagari, "सत्यमेव जयते" (Satyameva Jayate, Sanskrit for "Truth Alone Triumphs") is presented below.
The pillar was originally surmounted by the Lion Capital of Ashoka, which in turn served as the base of a large 32-spoke sandstone wheel of dharma. The lion capital and the wheel of dharma, presently on display at the Sarnath Archeological Museum, now symbolize the modern state of India.