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Universal use of ultrasound to screen nulliparous women in the third trimester roughly triples the detection of small for gestational age (SGA) infants; moreover, combining ultrasound measurements of the estimated weight and of the growth velocity of a fetus identified a subset of small babies at increased risk of neonatal morbidity. [9]
Timing is everything: A reconsideration of fetal growth velocity patterns identifies the importance of individual and sex differences. American Journal of Human Biology, 15(5), 667–680. Lampl, M., Kuzawa, C. W., & Jeanty, P. (2003). Prenatal smoke exposure alters growth in limb proportions and head shape in the midgestation human fetus.
If small for gestational age babies have been the subject of intrauterine growth restriction, formerly known as intrauterine growth retardation, [5] the term "SGA associated with intrauterine growth restriction" is used. Intrauterine growth restriction refers to a condition in which a fetus is unable to achieve its genetically determined ...
The mean pregnancy length has been estimated to be 283.4 days of gestational age as timed from the first day of the last menstrual period and 280.6 days when retrospectively estimated by obstetric ultrasound measurement of the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) in the second trimester. [12]
The term Advanced maternal age is used to describe women who are over 35 during pregnancy. [ 29 ] [ 30 ] Women who give birth over the age of 35 are more likely to experience complications ranging from preterm birth [ 30 ] [ 29 ] [ 31 ] and delivery by Caesarean section , [ 30 ] [ 31 ] to an increased risk of giving birth to a child with ...
Fetal viability is the ability of a human fetus to survive outside the uterus. Viability depends upon factors such as birth weight , gestational age, and the availability of advanced medical care . In low-income countries , more than 90% of extremely preterm newborns (less than 28 weeks gestational age ) die due to a lack of said medical care ...
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The normal period of gestation (pregnancy) is about nine months or 40 weeks. The germinal stage refers to the time from fertilization through the development of the early embryo until implantation is completed in the uterus. The germinal stage takes around 10 days. [1] During this stage, the zygote divides in a process called cleavage.