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Florence Nightingale (/ ˈ n aɪ t ɪ ŋ ɡ eɪ l /; 12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was an English social reformer, statistician and the founder of modern nursing.Nightingale came to prominence while serving as a manager and trainer of nurses during the Crimean War, in which she organised care for wounded soldiers at Constantinople. [4]
Notes on Nursing: What it is and What it is Not is a book first published by Florence Nightingale in 1859. [1] [2] [3] A 76-page volume with 3 page appendix published by Harrison of Pall Mall, it was intended to give hints on nursing to those entrusted with the health of others.
In 1854 (in the Crimean war), when women nurses were considered as rare, Florence Nightingale shows her ability in nursing. Works of Florence results in formation of Royal Commission. Army Medical School was established in year 1857. [4] She established "Nightingale School for nurses". In 1907, she gained "The Order of Merit" by the King.
1854 – Florence Nightingale appointed as the Superintendent of Nursing Staff. 1854 – Florence Nightingale and 38 volunteer nurses are sent to Turkey on October 21 to assist with caring for the injured of the Crimean War. 1854 – In a letter written November 15, 1854, to Dr Bowman, Florence Nightingale gives definite statistics:
Statistical diagram created by Florence Nightingale detailing cause of death in the British army in The Crimean War. Though Nightingale first believed bad air was the cause of disease, she used the term "germ" in her contribution to Dr. Richard Quain's medical dictionary which was published in 1883: [17] [18]
Her first book as a historian, a biography of Florence Nightingale published in 1950 by Constable, [3] took her straight to the top of her profession. [1] Her meticulous research had taken nine years, and the book succeeded in restoring Nightingale's reputation, which had dwindled following Lytton Strachey's representation of her in Eminent Victorians.
The background features of Florence Nightingale's story are the machinations of the War Office, and the obtuseness of the military and politicians. Influenced by Sigmund Freud , Strachey depicts Florence Nightingale as an intense, driven woman who is both personally intolerable and admirable in her achievements.
Nightingale's theory was shown to be applicable during the Crimean War when she, along with other nurses she had trained, took care of injured soldiers by attending to their immediate needs, when communicable diseases and rapid spread of infections were rampant in this early period in the development of disease-capable medicines.
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