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A presentation at the Linux Plumbers Conference on September 7, 2011, covered the x32 ABI. [2] The x32 ABI was merged into the Linux kernel for the 3.4 release with support being added to the GNU C Library in version 2.16. [14] In December 2018 there was discussion as to whether to deprecate the x32 ABI, which has not happened as of April 2023 ...
The primary defining characteristic of IA-32 is the availability of 32-bit general-purpose processor registers (for example, EAX and EBX), 32-bit integer arithmetic and logical operations, 32-bit offsets within a segment in protected mode, and the translation of segmented addresses to 32-bit linear addresses. The designers took the opportunity ...
An eight-bit processor like the Intel 8008 addresses eight bits, but as this is the full width of the accumulator and other registers, this could be considered either byte-addressable or word-addressable. 32-bit x86 processors, which address memory in 8-bit units but have 32-bit general-purpose registers and can operate on 32-bit items with a ...
For instance, a computer said to be "32-bit" also usually allows 32-bit memory addresses; a byte-addressable 32-bit computer can address 2 32 = 4,294,967,296 bytes of memory, or 4 gibibytes (GiB). This allows one memory address to be efficiently stored in one word.
The SIB byte is an optional post-opcode byte in x86 assembly on the i386 and later, used for complex addressing. If present, it appears immediately after the ModR/M byte, before any displacements. If present, it appears immediately after the ModR/M byte, before any displacements.
These instructions are also available in 32-bit mode, in which they operate on 32-bit registers (eax, ebx, etc.) and values instead of their 16-bit (ax, bx, etc.) counterparts. The updated instruction set is grouped according to architecture ( i186 , i286 , i386 , i486 , i586 / i686 ) and is referred to as (32-bit) x86 and (64-bit) x86-64 (also ...
The Master Boot Record of bootable storage devices on almost all IA-32 IBM PC compatibles has a code of 55 AA as its last two bytes. Executables for the Game Boy and Game Boy Advance handheld video game systems have a 48-byte or 156-byte magic number, respectively, at a fixed spot in the header.
A memory address a is said to be n-byte aligned when a is a multiple of n (where n is a power of 2). In this context, a byte is the smallest unit of memory access, i.e. each memory address specifies a different byte. An n-byte aligned address would have a minimum of log 2 (n) least-significant zeros when expressed in binary.