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  2. Qualitative inorganic analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualitative_inorganic_analysis

    The test can distinguish between copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn) or lead (Pb). Sodium carbonate solution is added to the salt of the metal. A blue precipitate indicates Cu 2+ ion. A dirty green precipitate indicates Fe 2+ ion. A yellow-brown precipitate indicates Fe 3+ ion. A white precipitate indicates Ca 2+, Zn 2+, or Pb 2 ...

  3. Tollens' reagent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tollens'_reagent

    Tollens' test for aldehyde: left side positive (silver mirror), right side negative Ball-and-stick model of the diamminesilver(I) complex. Tollens' reagent (chemical formula ()) is a chemical reagent used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones along with some alpha-hydroxy ketones which can tautomerize into aldehydes.

  4. Chen-Kao reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen-Kao_reaction

    The Chen-Kao test is performed by creating an acidic solution of the compound to be tested and adding dilute Copper (II) Sulfate and Sodium hydroxide solutions. The procedure is as follows: Place small amount of material to be tested on a spot plate .

  5. Precipitation (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precipitation_(chemistry)

    Precipitate formation is useful in the detection of the type of cation in a salt. To do this, an alkali first reacts with the unknown salt to produce a precipitate that is the hydroxide of the unknown salt. To identify the cation, the color of the precipitate and its solubility in excess are noted.

  6. Sodium hydroxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide

    Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, [1] [2] is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na + and hydroxide anions OH −. Sodium hydroxide is a highly corrosive base and alkali that decomposes lipids and proteins at ambient temperatures and may cause severe ...

  7. Gravimetric analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravimetric_analysis

    Gravimetric analysis describes a set of methods used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of an analyte (the ion being analyzed) based on its mass. The principle of this type of analysis is that once an ion's mass has been determined as a unique compound, that known measurement can then be used to determine the same analyte's mass in a mixture, as long as the relative ...

  8. Nitrate test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrate_test

    Devarda's alloy (Copper/Aluminium/Zinc) is a reducing agent.When reacted with nitrate in sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia is liberated. The ammonia formed may be detected by its characteristic odor, and by damp red litmus paper's turning blue, signalling that it is an alkali — very few gases other than ammonia evolved from wet chemistry are alkaline.

  9. Biuret test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biuret_test

    The biuret reagent is made of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrated copper(II) sulfate, together with potassium sodium tartrate, [7] the latter of which is added to chelate and thus stabilize the cupric ions. The reaction of the cupric ions with the nitrogen atoms involved in peptide bonds leads to the displacement of the peptide hydrogen atoms ...