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Measles is quite uncommon in populations of highly vaccinated areas, yet when it does occur, it is more commonly seen in adults. [19] The development of the measles vaccine has been vital in reducing outbreaks. Without a measles vaccine, measles epidemics could happen every 2 to 5 years and last up to 3 to 4 months at a time. [22]
Occasional measles outbreaks persist, however, because of cases imported from abroad, of which more than half are the result of unvaccinated U.S. residents who are infected abroad and infect others upon return to the United States. [126] The CDC continues to recommend measles vaccination throughout the population to prevent outbreaks like these ...
Measles cases in the US from 1938 to 2019. Before the vaccine was available in the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated that about three to four million were infected each year, of which approx. 500,000 were reported, with 400 to 500 people dying and 48,000 being hospitalized as a result.
For a given epidemic or pandemic, the average of its estimated death toll range is used for ranking. If the death toll averages of two or more epidemics or pandemics are equal, then the smaller the range, the higher the rank. For the historical records of major changes in the world population, see world population. [3]
The 1962–1965 rubella epidemic was an outbreak of rubella across Europe and the United States. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The Rubella virus, also known as the German measles, is a single-stranded RNA virus from the family Togaviridae and genus Rubivirus . [ 3 ]
The history of public health in the United states studies the US history of public health roles of the medical and nursing professions; scientific research; municipal sanitation; the agencies of local, state and federal governments; and private philanthropy. It looks at pandemics and epidemics and relevant responses with special attention to ...
Cases of measles rose from 56 in 1998 to 1370 in 2008, and similar increases occurred throughout Europe. [153] In April 2013, an epidemic of measles in Wales in the UK broke out, which mainly affected teenagers who had not been vaccinated. [154] Despite this controversy, measles has been eliminated from Finland, Sweden and Cuba. [155]
The outbreak was the worst epidemic in New Zealand since an influenza epidemic in 1999, and is the worst measles epidemic since 1938. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The D8 strain was confirmed to be the main strain of the epidemic, [ 11 ] [ 12 ] but the B3 strain has also been identified [ 13 ] and the epidemic has spread to several other countries.