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OpenTopography facilitates community access to high-resolution, Earth science-oriented, topography data, and related tools and resources.. Find high-resolution, Earth science-based, topography data, and related tools and resources. Available as dense point clouds and DEMs. NCAR GIS Climate Change Scenarios
OpenStreetMap is freely licensed under the Open Database License and is commonly used to make electronic maps, inform turn-by-turn navigation, and assist in humanitarian aid and data visualisation. OpenStreetMap uses its own topology [clarification needed] to store geographical features which can then be exported into other GIS file formats.
The Libre Map Project was started by Jared Benedict and around 100 additional individuals contributing money to purchase (or "liberate") a full set of 1:24K scale USGS topographic maps in Digital raster graphic form. [1]
Currently, the best source for nationwide LiDAR availability from public sources is the United States Interagency Elevation Inventory (USIEI). [1] The USIEI is a collaborative effort of NOAA and the U.S. Geological Survey, with contributions from the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the US Army Corps of Engineers, and the National Park Service.
Orfeo ToolBox (OTB) – Open source tools to process satellite images and extract information. OSSIM Extensive geospatial image processing libraries with support for satellite and aerial sensors and common image formats. PostGIS – Spatial extensions for the PostgreSQL database, enabling geospatial queries.
The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is an international voluntary consensus standards organization that develops and maintains international standards for geospatial content and location-based services, sensor web, Internet of Things, GIS data processing and data sharing. The OGC was incorporated as a not for profit in 1994.
GeoPackage (GPKG) is an open, non-proprietary, platform-independent and standards-based data format for geographic information systems built as a set of conventions over a SQLite database. Defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) [2] with the backing of the US military [3] and published in 2014, GeoPackage has seen widespread support ...
Topographic maps are based on topographical surveys. Performed at large scales, these surveys are called topographical in the old sense of topography, showing a variety of elevations and landforms. [8] This is in contrast to older cadastral surveys, which primarily show property and governmental boundaries.