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On the late Friday evening of 8. November 1895, Röntgen discovered for the first time the rays which penetrate through solid materials and gave them the name X-rays.He presented this in a lecture and publication On a new type of rays - Über eine neue Art von Strahlen on 23 January 1896 at the Physical Medical Society of Würzburg.
Unprotected experiments in the U.S. in 1896 with an early X-ray tube (Crookes tube), when the dangers of radiation were largely unknown.[1]The history of radiation protection begins at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries with the realization that ionizing radiation from natural and artificial sources can have harmful effects on living organisms.
Henri Poincaré laid the seeds for the discovery of radioactivity through his interest in and studies of X-rays, which significantly influenced physicist Henri Becquerel. [5] Radioactivity was discovered in 1896 by Becquerel and independently by Marie Curie, while working with phosphorescent materials.
On 11 January 1896 he made the first use of X-rays under clinical conditions when he radiographed the hand of an associate, revealing a sterilised needle beneath the surface. [4] A month later on 14 February he took the first radiograph to direct a surgical operation. He also took the first X-ray of the human spine.
January 12 – H. L. Smith takes the first X-ray photograph. March 1 – French physicist Henri Becquerel discovers the principle of radioactive decay when he exposes photographic plates to uranium. German physicist Wilhelm Wien derives Wien approximation.
In early 1896, there was a wave of excitement following Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen's discovery of X-rays on 5 January. During the experiment, Röntgen "found that the Crookes tubes he had been using to study cathode rays emitted a new kind of invisible ray that was capable of penetrating through black paper". [9]
In 1896, Fleischman read of Wilhelm Röntgen's breakthrough with x-rays in Vienna, Austria: "A new photographic discovery" which sparked her interest in radiography. [7] [8] In August 1896, she attended a public lecture by and presentation on X-ray apparatus by Albert Van der Naillen in San Francisco. [9]
Natural color X-ray photogram of a wine scene. Note the edges of hollow cylinders as compared to the solid candle. William Coolidge explains medical imaging and X-rays.. An X-ray (also known in many languages as Röntgen radiation) is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than those of ultraviolet rays and longer than those of gamma rays.