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Hydrogen safety covers the safe production, handling and use of hydrogen, particularly hydrogen gas fuel and liquid hydrogen. Hydrogen possesses the NFPA 704 's highest rating of four on the flammability scale because it is flammable when mixed even in small amounts with ordinary air.
Hydrogen transport must address various safety threats. It is highly flammable, requiring little energy to ignite. However, it is low density (0.0837 g/L), which allows leaked gas to rapidly dissipate, rather than accumulate as a higher density gas might, such as chlorine (3.214 g/L).
Recombiners aim at removing hydrogen and thereby preventing explosions. [2] Inside a recombiner there are plates or pellets that are coated with platinum or palladium catalyst. On the surface of the catalyst, hydrogen and oxygen molecules react chemically at low temperature and low hydrogen concentration. The reaction generates steam.
Up to 5% of of a fuel stream could safely be hydrogen, UC Riverside researchers have found. SoCalGas is responding to that directive. The company portrays its pilot project in positive terms.
Hydrogen compressors are closely related to hydrogen pumps and gas compressors: both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can transport the fluid through a pipe.As gases are compressible, the compressor also reduces the volume of hydrogen gas, whereas the main result of a pump raising the pressure of a liquid is to allow the liquid hydrogen to be transported elsewhere.
Compressed hydrogen is a storage form whereby hydrogen gas is kept under pressures to increase the storage density. Compressed hydrogen in hydrogen tanks at 350 bar (5,000 psi) and 700 bar (10,000 psi) are used for hydrogen tank systems in vehicles, based on type IV carbon-composite technology.
The current U.S. demand for hydrogen fuel is 10 million metric tons per year. By the year 2050, that number is expected to grow to between 20 million and 40 million metric tons annually.
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