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This reaction receives its name from the reaction of benzil with potassium hydroxide to form benzilic acid. First performed by Justus von Liebig in 1838, [1] it is the first reported example of a rearrangement reaction. [2] It has become a classic reaction in organic synthesis and has been reviewed many times before.
The benzyl cation or phenylcarbenium ion is the carbocation with formula C 6 H 5 CH + 2; the benzyl anion or phenylmethanide ion is the carbanion with the formula C 6 H 5 CH − 2. None of these species can be formed in significant amounts in the solution phase under normal conditions, but they are useful referents for discussion of reaction ...
Another preparation, performed by Liebig in 1838, is the dimerization of benzaldehyde, to benzil, which is transformed to the product by the benzilic acid rearrangement reaction. [ 2 ] Uses
Benzal chloride is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 CHCl 2. [1] This colourless liquid is a lachrymator and is used as a building block in organic synthesis . Preparation and usage
Benzylpotassium is an organopotassium compound with the formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 K, an orange powder. Like organo-alkali metal reagents in general, benzyl potassium is highly reactive, so much so that it reacts with most solvents. It is highly air sensitive.
Benzyl bromide is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 Br. The molecule consists of a benzene ring substituted with a bromomethyl group. It is a colorless liquid with lachrymatory properties.
Benzyl mercaptan can be prepared by the reaction of benzyl chloride and thiourea. The initially formed isothiouronium salt must be subjected to alkaline hydrolysis to obtain the thiol. It has been identified in boxwood (Buxus sempervirens L.) and is known to contribute to the smoky aroma of certain wines. [2] It also occurs naturally in coffee.
Benzil (i.e. Bz 2, systematically known as 1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-dione) is the organic compound with the formula (C 6 H 5 CO) 2, generally abbreviated (PhCO) 2. This yellow solid is one of the most common diketones. Its main use is as a photoinitiator in polymer chemistry. [4]