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In the United States, state governments are institutional units exercising functions of government at a level below that of the federal government. Each U.S. state 's government holds legislative, executive, and judicial authority over [ 1 ] a defined geographic territory.
Every state has an attorney general, who is the chief legal advisor to the state government and the state's chief law enforcement officer, analogous to the United States Attorney General. 43 of the states directly elect their attorney general, while the others are selected by the governor, legislature, or state supreme court. [4]
Total number of employees is 227,536 excluding California State Universities. [1] In 2004, there were 4,462 job classifications, many of which had no employees occupying the position, as a workaround for certain hiring practices. [2] As part of a civil service reform initiative beginning in 2013, 700 job titles were eliminated. [3]
The responsibilities of a state legislature vary from state to state, depending on state's constitution. The primary function of any legislature is to create laws. State legislatures also approve budget for state government. They may establish government agencies, set their policies, and approve their budgets.
Section 551 of the Administrative Procedure Act gives the following definitions: . Rulemaking is "an agency process for formulating, amending, or repealing a rule." A rule in turn is "the whole or a part of an agency statement of general or particular applicability and future effect designed to implement, interpret, or prescribe law or policy."
Leadership roles may be formal, with the corresponding authority to make decisions and take responsibility, or they may be informal roles with little official authority (e.g., a member of a team who influences team engagement, purpose and direction; a lateral peer who must listen and negotiate through influence). [citation needed]
Home rule in the United States relates to the authority of a constituent part of a U.S. state to exercise powers of governance; i.e.: whether such powers must be specifically delegated to it by the state (typically by legislative action) or are generally implicitly allowed unless specifically denied by state-level action.
head of state – often the monarch, the president or the supreme leader, the chief representative and living symbol of national unity. head of government – often the prime minister, overseeing the administration of all affairs of state. defence minister – overseeing the armed forces, determining military policy, and managing external safety.