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In this convention, one thousand and twenty-four kilobytes (1024 KB) is equal to one megabyte (1 MB), where 1 MB is 1024 2 bytes. In December 1998, the IEC addressed such multiple usages and definitions by creating prefixes such as kibi, mebi, gibi, etc., to unambiguously denote powers of 1024. [ 10 ]
For example, in citations of main memory or RAM capacity, kilobyte, megabyte and gigabyte customarily mean 1024 (2 10), 1 048 576 (2 20) and 1 073 741 824 (2 30) bytes respectively. In the specifications of hard disk drive capacities and network transmission bit rates, decimal prefixes are used. For example, a 500-gigabyte hard drive holds 500 ...
These prefixes are more often used for multiples of bytes, as in kilobyte (1 kB = 8000 bit), megabyte (1 MB = 8 000 000 bit), and gigabyte (1 GB = 8 000 000 000 bit). However, for technical reasons, the capacities of computer memories and some storage units are often multiples of some large power of two, such as 2 28 = 268 435 456 bytes.
The enhanced DOS command line processor 4DOS 3.00 supports a number of additional conditions (DISKFREE, DOSMEM/DOSFREE, EMS, EXTENDED, FILESIZE and XMS) in IF commands, which allow to test for sizes in bytes, kilobytes (by appending a K) or megabytes (by appending an M), where 1 K is defined as 1024 bytes and 1 M is defined as 1024 × 1024 bytes.
10 23: 1.0 × 10 23 bits – increase in information capacity when 1 joule of energy is added to a heat-bath at 1 K (−272.15 °C) [21] 2 77: 6.0 × 10 23 bits – information content of 1 mole (12.01 g) of graphite at 25 °C; equivalent to an average of 0.996 bits per atom. [22] 10 24: yottabit (Ybit) 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bits
giga (G): A multiplier equal to 1 073 741 824 (2 30 or K 3, where K = 1024). [5] It refers to the IEEE/ASTM SI 10-1997 standard as stating that "this practice frequently leads to confusion and is deprecated". The document further refers to the description of the IEC binary prefixes in Amendment 2 of IEC 60027-2, "Letter symbols to be used in ...
MB uses the SI decimal (base ten) system, but computers use 1 or 0, a binary (base two) system. Binary 2^10 (1024) is almost equal to the decimal 10^3 (1 000) so early on 1024 bytes was referred to as a kilobyte. This is only a 2.4% difference; however at larger scales, such as exabytes, the difference is near 20%.
An alternative system of nomenclature for the same units (referred to here as the customary convention), in which 1 kilobyte (KB) is equal to 1,024 bytes, [38] [39] [40] 1 megabyte (MB) is equal to 1024 2 bytes and 1 gigabyte (GB) is equal to 1024 3 bytes is mentioned by a 1990s JEDEC standard. Only the first three multiples (up to GB) are ...