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For example, herbs containing PAs were used in traditional Chinese medicine and by Native American tribes for their purported therapeutic properties. [3] It has been estimated that 3% of the world's flowering plants contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. [4] Honey can contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids, [5] [6] as can grains, milk, offal and eggs. [7]
Pyrrolizidine is a heterocyclic organic compound. Formally, it is a saturated derivative of pyrrolizine. Pyrrolizidine forms the central chemical structure of a variety of alkaloids known collectively as pyrrolizidine alkaloids. [1] It is one of five classes of iminosugars. These are often synthesized from a carbohydrate. [2]
Pages in category "Pyrrolizidine alkaloids" The following 12 pages are in this category, out of 12 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis is a disease caused by chronic poisoning found in humans and other animals caused by ingesting poisonous plants which contain the natural chemical compounds known as pyrrolizidine alkaloids. [1] Pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis can result in damage to the liver, kidneys, heart, brain, smooth muscles, lungs, DNA, lesions all ...
Amabiline is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid first isolated in 1967 from Cynoglossum amabile. [1] It is also found in the seeds and flowers of borage (Borago officinalis) [2] and in borage seed oil. [3] [4] Chemically, it is the ester derived from viridifloric acid and supinidine. [5]
Retronecine is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid found in a variety of plants in the genera Senecio and Crotalaria, and the family Boraginaceae. It is the most common central core for other pyrrolizidine alkaloids. [1]
Pyrrolizidine alkaloid sequestration by insects is a strategy to facilitate defense and mating. Various species of insects have been known to use molecular compounds from plants for their own defense and even as their pheromones or precursors to their pheromones.
Like other pyrrolizidine alkaloids, senecionine is toxic when ingested. The ingested molecule is a protoxin that is metabolized to its active form. [3] In large quantities, ingestion can lead to critical illness, including convulsions and death. Studies in rodents have shown an LD 50 of 65 mg/kg. [4]