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The English Channel, [a] [1] also known as the Channel, is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates Southern England from northern France. It links to the southern part of the North Sea by the Strait of Dover at its northeastern end. It is the busiest shipping area in the world. [2]
Geologic map of southeast England and the region around the English Channel, showing the Weald-Artois anticline in its regional context. Cross-section over the Wealden anticline The Weald–Artois Anticline , or Wealden Anticline , is a large anticline , a geological structure running between the regions of the Weald in southern England and ...
Hurd Deep running from bottom left to top right of an extract from a 1955 Admiralty Chart 1955 Admiralty Chart No 2649 showing Hurd Deep in the context of the English Channel. Hurd's Deep (or Hurd Deep) is an underwater valley in the English Channel, northwest of the Channel Islands. Its maximum depth is about 180 m (590 ft; 98 fathoms), making ...
Though pitted by troughs and rivers, the English Channel was almost mainly land at the height of the last ice age. [6] The predominant geology of both and of the seafloor is chalk. Although somewhat resistant to erosion, erosion of both coasts has created the famous white cliffs of Dover in the UK and the Cap Blanc Nez in France.
It is possible that the English Channel repeatedly opened and closed during this period, causing Great Britain to become an island from time to time. The oldest human fossils found to date in the British Isles, which include the skull of Swanscombe Man from 400,000 years ago, and the earlier Clactonian Man , also date from this period.
The geology of the North Sea describes the geological features such as channels, ... [33] [34] The English Channel was formed by erosion caused by two major floods.
Vivari Channel in Albania links Lake Butrint with the Straits of Corfu. In physical geography and hydrology, a channel is a landform on which a relatively narrow body of water is situated, such as a river, river delta or strait. While channel typically refers to a natural formation, the cognate term canal denotes a similar artificial structure.
The geology of England is mainly sedimentary. The youngest rocks are in the south east around London , progressing in age in a north westerly direction. [ 1 ] The Tees–Exe line marks the division between younger, softer and low-lying rocks in the south east and the generally older and harder rocks of the north and west which give rise to ...