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The occipital condyles are undersurface protuberances of the occipital bone in vertebrates, which function in articulation with the superior facets of the atlas vertebra.. The condyles are oval or reniform (kidney-shaped) in shape, and their anterior extremities, directed forward and medialward, are closer together than their posterior, and encroach on the basilar portion of the bone; the ...
The singular basioccipital is the rear lower part of the braincase, below the foramen magnum. It is homologous to the basilar part of the occipital bone . In the ancestral tetrapod, the basioccipital makes up most of a large central knob-like surface, the occipital condyle, which articulates with the vertebrae as a ball-and-socket joint .
Due to its many attachments and features, the occipital bone is described in terms of separate parts. From its front to the back is the basilar part, also called the basioccipital, at the sides of the foramen magnum are the lateral parts, also called the exoccipitals, and the back is named as the squamous part.
basioccipital The basioccipital is an unpaired bone of the skull, and one of four bones forming the occiput of the braincase. It is exposed in rear view of the articulated skull. It forms most of the occipital condyle, a rounded process connecting the skull to the atlas, the first vertebra of the neck. Above, it is fused with the paired ...
The occipital condyle lacks a neck and is heart-shaped. The occiput is low and rectangular in shape. The paroccipital processes fall well short of the medial edge of the squamosal horn. Both the basisphenoid and basioccipital are fused together, with the sutural area being expanded as a ridge.
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Figure 1 Pennate muscle fiber arrangements. The green lines represent PCSA; the blue lines represent ACSA. In muscle physiology, physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) is the area of the cross section of a muscle perpendicular to its fibers, generally at its largest point.