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In enzymology, a polyamine-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.31) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. ATP + H 2 O + polyamineout ADP + phosphate + polyaminein. The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, H 2 O, and polyamine, whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and polyamine.
Most eukaryotic cells express a polyamine-transporting ATPase on their cell membrane that facilitates the internalization of exogenous polyamines. This system is highly active in rapidly proliferating cells and is the target of some chemotherapeutics currently under development.
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[citation needed] The ATPase subunits utilize the energy of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding and hydrolysis to provide the energy needed for the translocation of substrates across membranes, either for uptake or for export of the substrate. Most of the uptake systems also have an extracytoplasmic receptor, a solute binding protein.
Adenosine triphosphate Adenosine diphosphate Adenosine monophosphate. ATPases (EC 3.6.1.3, Adenosine 5'-TriPhosphatase, adenylpyrophosphatase, ATP monophosphatase, triphosphatase, SV40 T-antigen, ATP hydrolase, complex V (mitochondrial electron transport), (Ca 2+ + Mg 2+)-ATPase, HCO 3 −-ATPase, adenosine triphosphatase) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the decomposition of ATP into ADP ...
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The first symptoms of kidney failure are silent. Failing kidneys can’t remove extra fluid from the body, nor can they filter molecules like urea, which can be toxic in high dosages, from the blood.
Probable cation-transporting ATPase 13A2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP13A2 gene that is involved in the transport of divalent transition metal cations. [5] [6] [7] It appears to protect cells from manganese [8] and zinc toxicity, [9] possibly by causing cellular efflux and/or lysosomal sequestration; and from iron toxicity, possibly by preserving lysosome integrity against ...