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Joseph E. LeDoux (born December 7, 1949) is an American neuroscientist whose research is primarily focused on survival circuits, including their impacts on emotions such as fear and anxiety. [1] LeDoux is the Henry and Lucy Moses Professor of Science at New York University, and director of the Emotional Brain Institute, a collaboration between ...
Dysthymia (/ dɪsˈθaɪmiə / dihs-THIY-mee-uh), also known as persistent depressive disorder (PDD), [3] is a mental and behavioral disorder, [5] specifically a disorder primarily of mood, consisting of similar cognitive and physical problems as major depressive disorder, but with longer-lasting symptoms. [3][6][7] The concept was used by ...
In psychology and neuroscience, executive dysfunction, or executive function deficit, is a disruption to the efficacy of the executive functions, which is a group of cognitive processes that regulate, control, and manage other cognitive processes. [ 1 ] Executive dysfunction can refer to both neurocognitive deficits and behavioural symptoms.
The amygdala is one of the best-understood brain regions with regard to differences between the sexes. The amygdala is larger in males than females, in children aged 7 to 11, [19] adult humans, [20] and adult rats. [21] There is considerable growth within the first few years of structural development in both male and female amygdalae. [22]
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a mental and behavioral disorder, [5] specifically an anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable and often irrational worry about events or activities. [6] Worry often interferes with daily functioning, and individuals with GAD are often overly concerned about everyday matters such as ...
Psychosurgery, also called neurosurgery for mental disorder (NMD), is the neurosurgical treatment of mental disorders. [1] Psychosurgery has always been a controversial medical field. [1] The modern history of psychosurgery begins in the 1880s under the Swiss psychiatrist Gottlieb Burckhardt. [2][3] The first significant foray into ...
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a form of psychotherapy that is a recommended treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but remains controversial within the psychological community. [1][2] It was devised by Francine Shapiro in 1987 and originally designed to ...
An amygdala hijack is an emotional response that is immediate, overwhelming, and out of measure with the actual stimulus because it has triggered a much more significant emotional threat. [1] The term, coined by Daniel Goleman in his 1996 book Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ , [ 2 ] is used by affective neuroscientists ...