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The Amazon rubber cycle or boom (Portuguese: Ciclo da borracha, Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈsiklu da buˈʁaʃɐ]; Spanish: Fiebre del caucho, pronounced [ˈfjeβɾe ðel ˈkawtʃo]) was an important part of the socioeconomic history of Brazil and Amazonian regions of neighboring countries, being related to the commercialization of rubber and the genocide of indigenous peoples.
British companies developed huge rubber tree plantations in Malaya to meet growing demand for tyres after 1900. [7] By 1912 Malaya exceeded Brazilian output and charged lower prices. Many Brazilian producers failed and rubber concessions were abandoned. The rubber tappers began to cultivate clearings and to hunt and extract other forest ...
He was the first person to successfully export a large, viable shipment of, smuggled, Brazilian rubber seeds to the British Empire. [1] The British had long planned to create rubber plantations in Southeast Asia , and using Wickham's batch, the resulting plantations brought about the end of the Amazon rubber boom .
The rubber boom had major long-term effects: the private estate became the usual form of land tenure; trading networks were built throughout the Amazon basin; barter became a major form of exchange; and native peoples often were displaced. The boom firmly established the influence of the state throughout the region.
In the 1940s, the state and the Indian Protection Service (Serviço de Proteção aos Índios, SPI) forcibly relocated the Aikanã, Kanôc, Kwazá and Salamái tribes to work on rubber plantations. During the journey many of the indigenous peoples starved to death; those who survived the journey were placed in an IPS settlement called Posto ...
The Brazilian cacao cycle or boom was a period in Brazil's economic history in which the country remained between first and second in world cacao production. [citation needed] The first cacao boom occurred simultaneously with the rubber boom, which brought wealth to the Amazon region. But while Brazil was the largest and almost exclusive ...
In Honduras, the business-lending arm of the World Bank aligned itself with a key player in a land dispute that has left more than 130 people dead, including Gregorio Chávez, a preacher who went out to tend his garden one day and didn’t come back. In the last decade, the International Finance Corp.’s lending and influence has soared, even as it has embraced financing methods that shield ...
The Putumayo genocide (Spanish: genocidio del Putumayo) refers to the severe exploitation and subsequent ethnocide of the indigenous population in the Putumayo region.. The booms of raw materials incentivized the exploration and occupation of uncolonised land in the Amazon by several South American countries, gradually leading to the subjugation of the local tribes in the pursuit of rubber ...