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Index fossils (also known as guide fossils or indicator fossils) are fossils used to define and identify geologic periods (or faunal stages). Index fossils must have a short vertical range, wide geographic distribution and rapid evolutionary trends.
The original 2.1-million-year-old skull of an Australopithecus africanus specimen nicknamed "Mrs. Ples". The specimen was discovered in the Sterkfontein cave, hominid fossil in South Africa and is catalogued by the Transvaal Museum as STS 5. Photo credit: José Braga and Didier Descouens
Evidence of the impact of function on the evolution of the lower jaw morphology in crocodile-line archosaurs is presented by Rawson et al. (2024). [16]Sennikov (2024) interprets ornithosuchids as macrophagous predators with specialized jaw apparatus, and notes analogs between them and saber-toothed therapsids (including mammals).
5.6 In reptile paleontology. ... Download as PDF; Printable version; ... cover events related to the study of paleontology which occurred in the listed year.
The discipline that studies the formation of fossil sites is the part of paleontology called taphonomy. [ 1 ] The term paleontological site is somewhat ambiguous and its use is more practical than scientific, so it can refer to localities in which several fossiliferous layers of different ages appear, whose study must be faced by clearly ...
Relative dating by biostratigraphy is the preferred method in paleontology and is, in some respects, more accurate. [1] The Law of Superposition, which states that older layers will be deeper in a site than more recent layers, was the summary outcome of 'relative dating' as observed in geology from the 17th century to the early 20th century.
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. [1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks ( ichnites ), burrows , cast-off parts, fossilised feces ( coprolites ), palynomorphs and chemical residues .