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Venera 4 (Russian: Венера-4, lit. 'Venus-4'), also designated 4V-1 No.310, was a probe in the Soviet Venera program for the exploration of Venus.The probe comprised a lander, designed to enter the Venusian atmosphere and parachute to the surface, and a carrier/flyby spacecraft, which carried the lander to Venus and served as a communications relay for it.
All Soviet spacecraft that never left Earth orbit were customarily renamed "Kosmos", regardless of the craft's intended mission. The name is also given to other Soviet/Russian spacecraft that are intended to—and do reach Earth orbit. — Venera 4: 4V-1 No.310: Atmospheric probe: 12 June 1967: 18 October 1967 —
The spacecraft was named Kosmos 96, part of a series typically used for military and experimental satellites in order to cover up the failure. Had it departed Earth's orbit, it would have received the next designation in the Venera series, at the time Venera 4. Kosmos 96 was destroyed when it re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on 9 December 1965 ...
(3MV-1 No.4) 2 April 1964: OKB-1 Soviet Union: Flyby/Lander Spacecraft failure Electronics shorted out, communications lost before flyby. [11] Flew past Venus on 14 July 1964. Molniya-M: Venera 2 (3MV-4 No.4) 12 November 1965: OKB-1 Soviet Union: Flyby Spacecraft failure Flew past Venus on 27 February 1966, closest approach at 02:52 UTC.
Venera 4's battery ran out while still slowly floating through the massive atmosphere, and Venera 5 and 6 were crushed by high pressure 18 km (60,000 ft) above the surface. The first successful landing on Venus was by Venera 7 on December 15, 1970 — the first successful soft (non-crash) landing on another planet, as well as the first ...
Kosmos 167 (Russian: Космос 167 meaning Cosmos 167), or 4V-1 No.311, was a 1967 Soviet spacecraft intended to explore Venus.A spacecraft launched as part of the Venera programme, Kosmos 167 was intended to land on Venus but never departed low Earth orbit due to a launch failure.
Venera 3 was intended to soft-land on Venus. Contact with the spacecraft was lost before arrival, and Venera 3 crashed. [1] Venera 4: Venus 12 June 1967 Molniya 8K78M Baikonur 1/5 18 October 1967 entered atmosphere: 129 days (4 mo, 7 d) Venera 4, a Venus atmosphere probe, continued to transmit to an altitude of 25 km [2] Venera 5: Venus 5 ...
After Venera 4's failure to reach the surface of Venus intact, the next 3MV probes (Venera 5 and 6) were strengthened again, this time to withstand a 450-g (compared to the 300-g entry of Venera 4) re-entry due to the 1969 launch window's higher velocity. The V-70 design took this further, with the capsule being slightly more egg-shaped.