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Except certain salamandrid salamanders that can extrude sharp venom-tipped ribs, [1] [2] and two species of frogs with venom-tipped bone spurs on their skulls, amphibians are not known to actively inject venom.
Samandarin or Samandarine is the main steroidal alkaloid secreted by the fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra). [1] The compound is extremely toxic (LD 50 = 70 μg/kg in mice). [2] Poisoning can cause convulsions, respiratory paralysis, and eventual death. [3]
A correlation exists between the toxicity of Californian salamander species and diurnal habits: relatively harmless species like the California slender salamander (Batrachoseps attenuatus) are nocturnal and are eaten by snakes, while the California newt has many large poison glands in its skin, is diurnal, and is avoided by snakes. [55]
Salamandridae is a family of salamanders consisting of true salamanders and newts. Salamandrids are distinguished from other salamanders by the lack of rib or costal grooves along the sides of their bodies and by their rough skin. Their skin is very granular because of the number of poison glands. They also lack nasolabial grooves.
The fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra) is a common species of salamander found in Europe. It is black with yellow spots or stripes to a varying degree; some specimens can be nearly completely black while on others the yellow is dominant.
A newt is a salamander in the subfamily Pleurodelinae. ... The Pacific newts (Taricha), including the California newt, are known for their toxicity.
One such species is the alpine salamander (Salamandra atra), which includes several subspecies that share a common trait: toxicity. A 2012 study demonstrated that none of the alpine salamanders in the area were infected with Bd, despite the fungus' prevalence. [53]
This aids the salamander when feeding. When the salamander performs the "suck and gape" feeding style, the prey is pulled into the mouth, and the teeth function to hold the prey inside the mouth and prevent the prey from escaping. [14] At both sides of their mouths their lips interlock, which allows them to use suction feeding. [7]