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Trigg, Jonathan D. Baptism in the theology of Martin Luther (2001) 234 pages; Wengert, Timothy J. The Pastoral Luther: Essays on Martin Luther's Practical Theology (2009) 380 pages; Zachman, Randall C. The Assurance Of Faith: Conscience In The Theology Of Martin Luther And John Calvin (2005), 272pp
Martin Luther taught that there were three sacraments, including baptism, confession, and the eucharist. [3] His writings often reference two or three sacraments. [3] Luther was flexible regarding the number of sacraments, [3] and the Lutheran divine Philip Melanchthon named four sacraments: baptism, confession, eucharist, and ordination. [3]
John Calvin was influenced by Martin Luther's idea of baptism as God's promises to the baptized person attached to the outward sign of washing with water. Calvin maintained Zwingli's idea of baptism as a public pledge, but insisted that it was secondary to baptism's meaning as a sign of God's promise to forgive sin. [ 11 ]
For baptism does not make men free in body and property, ... giving Philip a total of 19 children. In the view of Luther's biographer Martin Brecht, ...
The baptism then moves forward to the Baptism of Jesus; Mark Tranvik notes that "the prayer funnels this story of Jesus and John the baptizer from fifteen hundred years ago directly into the life of the one being baptized. He or she now stands through baptism as the recipient of the same saving flood." [1]
One of the earliest of the Church Fathers to enunciate clearly and unambiguously the doctrine of baptismal regeneration ("the idea that salvation happens at and by water baptism duly administered") was Cyprian (c. 200 – 258): "While he attributed all the saving energy to the grace of God, he considered the 'laver of saving water' the instrument of God that makes a person 'born again ...
Luther's Small Catechism (German: Der Kleine Katechismus) is a catechism written by Martin Luther and published in 1529 for the training of children. Luther's Small Catechism reviews the Ten Commandments, the Apostles' Creed, the Lord's Prayer, the Sacrament of Holy Baptism, the Office of the Keys and Confession and the Sacrament of the Eucharist.
Luther's Large Catechism (German: Der Große Katechismus) is a catechism by Martin Luther. It consists of works written by Luther and compiled Christian canonical texts , published in April 1529. This book was addressed particularly to clergymen to aid them in teaching their congregations, and to fathers for instructing their families.