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  2. DNA polymerase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_polymerase

    DNA polymerase's ability to slide along the DNA template allows increased processivity. There is a dramatic increase in processivity at the replication fork. This increase is facilitated by the DNA polymerase's association with proteins known as the sliding DNA clamp. The clamps are multiple protein subunits associated in the shape of a ring.

  3. Polymerase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerase

    Structure of Taq DNA polymerase. In biochemistry, a polymerase is an enzyme (EC 2.7.7.6/7/19/48/49) that synthesizes long chains of polymers or nucleic acids. DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase are used to assemble DNA and RNA molecules, respectively, by copying a DNA template strand using base-pairing interactions or RNA by half ladder replication.

  4. DNA polymerase I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_polymerase_I

    DNA polymerase I (or Pol I) is an enzyme that participates in the process of prokaryotic DNA replication. Discovered by Arthur Kornberg in 1956, [ 1 ] it was the first known DNA polymerase (and the first known of any kind of polymerase ).

  5. Processivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processivity

    Multiple DNA polymerases have specialized roles in the DNA replication process. In E. coli, which replicates its entire genome from a single replication fork, the polymerase DNA Pol III is the enzyme primarily responsible for DNA replication and forms a replication complex with extremely high processivity.

  6. DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

    DNA replication: The double helix is unwound by a helicase and topo­iso­merase. Next, one DNA polymerase produces the leading strand copy. Another DNA polymerase binds to the lagging strand. This enzyme makes discontinuous segments (called Okazaki fragments) before DNA ligase joins them together.

  7. Polymerase chain reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reaction

    A strip of eight PCR tubes, each containing a 100 μL reaction mixture Placing a strip of eight PCR tubes into a thermal cycler. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method widely used to make millions to billions of copies of a specific DNA sample rapidly, allowing scientists to amplify a very small sample of DNA (or a part of it) sufficiently to enable detailed study.

  8. DNA polymerase III holoenzyme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_polymerase_III_holoenzyme

    DNA polymerase III will then synthesize a continuous or discontinuous strand of DNA, depending if this is occurring on the leading or lagging strand (Okazaki fragment) of the DNA. DNA polymerase III has a high processivity and therefore, synthesizes DNA very quickly. This high processivity is due in part to the β-clamps that "hold" onto the ...

  9. DNA synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_synthesis

    A polymerase chain reaction is a form of enzymatic DNA synthesis in the laboratory, using cycles of repeated heating and cooling of the reaction for DNA melting and enzymatic replication of the DNA. DNA synthesis during PCR is very similar to living cells but has very specific reagents and conditions.