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DNA polymerase's ability to slide along the DNA template allows increased processivity. There is a dramatic increase in processivity at the replication fork. This increase is facilitated by the DNA polymerase's association with proteins known as the sliding DNA clamp. The clamps are multiple protein subunits associated in the shape of a ring.
DNA polymerase II (also known as DNA Pol II or Pol II) is a prokaryotic DNA-dependent DNA polymerase encoded by the PolB gene. [1] DNA Polymerase II is an 89.9-kDa protein and is a member of the B family of DNA polymerases. It was originally isolated by Thomas Kornberg in 1970, and characterized over the next few years.
77782 Ensembl ENSG00000051341 ENSMUSG00000034206 UniProt O75417 Q8CGS6 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_199420 NM_006596 NM_001159369 NM_029977 RefSeq (protein) NP_955452 NP_001152841 NP_084253 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 121.43 – 121.55 Mb Chr 16: 36.83 – 36.92 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse DNA polymerase theta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLQ gene. This ...
Pol β is the main human polymerase that catalyzes short-patch BER, with pol λ able to compensate in its absence. [8] These polymerases are members of the Pol X family and typically insert only a single nucleotide. In addition to polymerase activity, these enzymes have a lyase domain that removes the 5' dRP left behind by AP endonuclease cleavage.
5430 20020 Ensembl ENSG00000284832 ENSG00000181222 ENSMUSG00000005198 UniProt P24928 P08775 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000937 NM_009089 NM_001291068 RefSeq (protein) NP_000928 NP_001277997 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 7.48 – 7.51 Mb Chr 11: 69.62 – 69.65 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1, also known as RPB1, is an enzyme that is encoded ...
Microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ), also known as alternative nonhomologous end-joining (Alt-NHEJ) is one of the pathways for repairing double-strand breaks in DNA. As reviewed by McVey and Lee, [1] the foremost distinguishing property of MMEJ is the use of microhomologous sequences during the alignment of broken ends before joining, thereby resulting in deletions flanking the original ...
Afterwards, the 3’ ssDNA invades the template DNA, and displaces a DNA strand to form a D-loop. DNA polymerase and other accessory factors follows by replacing the missing DNA via DNA synthesis. Ligase then attaches the DNA strand break, [10] resulting in the formation of 2 Holliday junctions. The recombined DNA strands then undergoes ...
[7] [8] NHEJ is the main pathway in higher eukaryotes for repair of DNA DSBs. Chromosomal DSBs are the most severe type of DNA damage. During NHEJ, duplexes generated by the alignment of broken DNA ends usually contain small gaps that need to be filled in by a DNA polymerase. DNA polymerase lambda can perform this function. [9]